Uterus Unicornis 165 



frequently no more than one-quarter inch in diameter, but 

 it is anatomically perfect and of the adult type. Such an 

 ovary functions. I recall meeting clinically with but one 

 ovary of fetal type where the corresponding uterine cornu 

 was developed; this ovary was paired with the angio-car- 

 cinoma shown in Fig. 66. In most cases of unicornual uteri 

 which I have seen the ovary was of normal, adult type on 

 the side where the uterine horn was absent. 



The absence of one ovary, or the fact that one is of fetal 

 type, is of little consequence except that a second ovary 

 serves as a reserve or alternate. So long as one good ovary 

 is present and the corresponding oviduct and cornu are 

 physiologic, the animal is fertile. 



1. Uterus Unicornis 



Arrest in the development of one uterine cornu is not 

 rare in cattle. In the abattoir I encountered six instances 

 amongst a few more than three thousand females — nearly 

 two per thousand. Five of them were, or had been, preg- 

 nant; one was a heifer. The defect is apparently of little 

 or no significance, except, as in the ovaries, the second 

 cornu provides a reserve, in case of disaster to the other 

 side. It is readily recognized by rectal palpation. The 

 single horn projects directly forward from the anterior end 

 of the cervix. No uterine body is recognizable. In the ex- 

 amination of pure-bred animals for sale, the unicornual 

 uterus should be classed as sound but defective, and the 

 value of the animal as a breeder somewhat discounted. 



2. Double Uterus. Double Cervix 



Double uterus is extremely rare in domestic animals. I 

 have no specimen in my collection. In consultation with a 

 colleague, I have seen one cow, which, so far as I was able 

 to determine clinically, had two complete uteri and cer- 

 vices but there may have been a communication (uterine 

 body) at the anterior end of the two cervical canals. The 

 two cervical canals were perfect and readily recognized. 

 The cow was fertile. 



