660 Diseases of (he Cieiiital Organs 



takes no food or water, while the water of the tissues is 

 being rapidly withdrawn to constitute the chief volume of 

 the diarrheic discharges. The calf becomes unable to rise, 

 lies flat on its side with its head drawn back (opisthotonus) , 

 becomes unconscious and dies. 



Short of this violent type there is every gradation. In 

 cases of great virulence, the dysentery may at any time 

 abate, the calf rally, without definite therapeutic handling 

 undergo more or less marked improvement, and may per- 

 haps eventually recover. 



Regardless of the grade of alimentary disturbance, there 

 is a tendency toward the development of pneumonia. Some- 

 times the pneumonia develops suddenly and violently with 

 all the clinical symptoms of that affection. Other cases 

 creep on insidiously with a hacking cough associated with 

 digestive disturbances. The pulmonary complications ag- 

 gravate the digestive disturbances by lowering still more 

 the resisting powers of the animal. In many animals the 

 only evidence of pulmonary disease is a persistent hacking 

 cough. 



The clinical evidences of pneumonia may appear at any 

 time from shortly after birth up to ninety or one hundred 

 days. Like the dysentery, it is more prone to pursue a 

 stormy course when it develops early. Dysentery and pneu- 

 monia each tend to conceal and to aggravate the other. The 

 high temperature of dysentery causes rapid breathing, sim- 

 ulating pneumonia, and the dyspnea of pneumonia tends to 

 detract attention from any dysentery present. 



Arthritis as a concurrent lesion is not rare, and. like 

 pneumonia, may be violent or may be of so low a degree as 

 to be difficult of clinical recognition. The onset of pyemic 

 arthritis may be extremely sudden. The calf is up and 

 about, feeding and appearing well. An hour later it may be 

 so lame in one limb that it refuses, or is unable to bear 

 weight upon the affected limb. The involved joint is greatly 

 swollen, tense, hot, and extremely painful when manipulated. 

 A little later some other .ioint may be equally involved. 

 When two or more limbs become affected, the calf is un- 



