23 



forming parts of the skeleton, and is of two kinds— temporary and 

 permanent. The temporary cartilage forms the original basis of 

 bone, which in adult life becomes ossified. Permanent cartilage 

 consists of two varieties, viz.; Hyaline-Cartilage and Fibro- 

 Cartilage, and these again are named according to the purpose they 

 serve : such as Articular, when at the ends of bones to form joints ; 

 or Interarticular, when it forms a pad in the middle of a joint, as 

 between the bones of the vertebrae and in the stifle. We also have 

 the Costal Cartilages, prolonging ribs anteriorly; the Cariniform 

 cartilage, keel-shaped, at the front of sternmn ; the Ensiform cartilage, 

 heart-shaped, at the posterior end of the sternum ; and the cartilage 

 of Prolongation attached to the top of the scapula. Lateral 

 cartilages are found on' each side of the foot ; and various cartilages 

 form the basis of the ear, larynx, and wind pipe. In short, 

 cartilage is found giving shape and form where bone would not answer. 

 Now. all these structures are liable to disease and injury, as well 

 as the soft parts of the body. 



69. Bones are subject to inflammation, more particularly so those of 

 young animals, before they are matured. Healthy bone is non- 

 sensitive, or very sHghtly so ; but, when bone is under inflammation, 

 then, owing to its unyielding nature, the pain is very acute. 



70. Periostitis, is inflammation of the covering of the bone, and 

 mostly occurs in young race horses, as sore shins. When the 

 inflammation is very acute and continuous, great constitutional 

 disturbance is set up, the parts aff^ected become swollen and very 

 painful to the touch, and if not speedily relieved the disease may 

 terminate in death of the bone (Necrosis) or the death of the patient. 



71. ForitsTreatment, rest is the first essential. Some practitioners 

 recommend the use of hot fomentations, or bandages wrung out of hot 

 water. For my part I like cold water applications best, or Spongi- 

 opiline, soaked m cold water and secured over the affected part with 

 a bandage. For combating the fever, I find saline fever medicines 

 answer best. (See Appendix.) Sometimes the parts affected have to 



