83 



3rd.— The Pharynx, or throat (Plate XVII., No. 4;.— This is a 

 muscular tube, Hned by mucous membrane, and connects the 

 mouth with the oesophagus. 



4th.— The (Esophagus, or gullet (Plate XVII., No. 5;.— This is the 

 canal which leads from the throat to the stomach, is lined by 

 mucous membrane, and the walls are made up of longitudinal 

 and circular involuntary muscle and connective tissue. 



5th.— The Stomach, (Plate XVII., No. 6) is the connecting medium 

 between the gullet and small intestine.— It inclmes to the 

 left of the anterior portion of the abdominal cavity. The 

 stomach of the horse is very small compared with the size of 

 the animal, and greatly resembles a bag-pipe in shape. It 

 has three coats ; outside serous ; middle muscular, of three 

 sections; and inside mucous, of two parts, i.e., one white 

 cuticular, resembling the surface skin, and connected with the 

 opening of the gullet, which enters the stomach on the left 

 side, by the cardiac orifice; the other, pale pink, villous or 

 velvety, on the right side of the stomach, and this is the 

 true digestive portion, being continued into the small intestine, 

 by the opening termed the pyloric orifice. 



6th.— The Small Intestine of the Horse (Plate XVII. , No. 9). 



This comprises the duodenum, 2 feet long; the Jejunum, 30 feet 

 long ; and the ileum, 40 feet long. The total capacity of the 

 small intestine is estimated to be about 11 gallons. 



7th.— The Large Intestine of the Horse (Plate XVII., Nos. 10, 

 n, and 12). — This is divided into the OBCum, or blind gut, 

 (commonly called the water bag,) 3 feet long, having a capacity 

 of 4 gallons ; the colons, large and floating, 20 feet long, with 

 a capacity of 12 gallons ; and the rectum, which is the 

 termination of the intestinal canal, 2 feet long, and with a 

 capacity of 3 gallons. The estimated average length of a 

 horse's intestines is 97 feet, and total capacity 30 gallons. 

 Like the stomach, the walls of the intestines have three coats : 



