I05 



262. Concretions, or Calculi, occur in the large intestine, and, 

 occasionally, are of a great size. They are composed of dust, and 

 phosphate of ammonia, magnesia, or lime ; some are hard as a stone, 

 and very smooth ; others are soft and convoluted. Millers' horses are 

 most subject to these. As long as the calculi remain quiet in the 

 pouches, or part of the intestine in which they were formed, no ill 

 effects are seen ; it is only when displaced that they produce pain, and 

 usually death. The symptoms exhibited resemble those of knots, 

 twists, &c., (par. 259) but are not nearly so acute (Plate XIX., B). 

 As a rule, in all cases of bowel displacement and obstruction, from calculi, 

 the animal cannot keep injections, oy drink water; in fact, it strains very 

 much when enemas are given. 



263. The following is an analysis of a calculus — one of six — passed 

 by my own cob, " Quicksilver," and analysed by Professor Sibson, 

 London : — 



Moisture 



Fatty Matter 

 *Animal Matter 

 *Ammonia, Magnesia, Phosphate 



Lime 



Alkaline Salts 



Silica • . . . '. . 



15-24 

 traces 



31-50 



j2-i6 



traces 



.81 



•29 



*Containing Nitrogen, from Animal Matter and Combined Ammonia 5.10 



*Equal to Ammonia .. .. .. .. .. 6-19 



Specific Gravity .. .. .. .. .. 1-71 



March 2nd, 1894. 



The cob is still to the fore, and is 23 years old, full of fire, with plenty 

 of " stamp, style, and fashion." It has never shown any symptoms of 

 pain, nor ever been off its food. When in the stable, prior to passing 

 the Calculi, I frequently found this animal standing in an oblique 

 fashion in the stall, with its near hind leg forward, and the front of the 

 oft hind leg stretched across the back of the near shank, the toe of the 

 off^ hind foot constantly in motion, until the stone into which the 

 masterpost of the partition was fixed, as well as the oak-sword, or 

 plate, at the bottom of the partition, were worn away. All the balls 



