157 



365- Teething in cattle, on many occasions, causes a great deal of 

 constitutional disturbance, more particularly at from one year and nine 

 months to two years and six months old, through the temporary pre- 

 molars not being cast off, when teething fever, and, in many cases, fatal 

 diarrhoea, is set up. Young animals, when suffering from the retention 

 of the crowns or shells, have tucked-up bellies, flat ribs, tight hides, 

 dirty skins, eyes gummy and congested, with a mucuous discharge ; 

 having, in fact all the appearance of piners. They feed very badly, and 

 chew their cud in a very lazy and hstless fashion, have exhaustive 

 diarrhoea, and drink large quantities of water. I have frequently 

 found the shells sticking fast between the cheek and the gums, in both 

 upper and under jaws. Of course, any foreign substance, or anything 

 wrong in the mouth, generally causes a large flow of saliva. In such 

 cases, the mouth should be examined, and the offending object 

 removed, if possible. I have also come across split molar teeth, with 

 the fractured piece sticking in the tongue. Cattle rarely suffer from 

 diseased teeth, but occasionally in aged animals the gums or alveolar 

 processes become atrophied or wasted away — when the molar teeth 

 can be readily removed with the fingers — such wasting away also 

 arises from the diseases osteo-sarcoma and actinomycosis, &c. (pars. 

 79 and 235). In all cases where the emaciation is great, I order good • 

 food, milk, linseed jelly, crushed oats, linseed cake, and bran, with a 

 little salt, and give alkaline vegetable tonics, followed up with 

 preparations of iron (see Appendix). 



366. As a rule, I examine the teeth of a large number of stirks in 

 spring, and in autumn, and, where necessary, I remove the crowns 

 with the forceps (Plate XXX., No. 1). 



SHEEP. 



367. The dentition of the sheep resembles that of the cow as to 

 number of teeth and their position. There are six incisors and two 

 canine on the lower jaw only ; the upper jaw in front has, like the 

 cow, a dense elastic pad. The molars are 24 in number (f pre-molars, 

 f molars, i.e., six on each side, above and below). The teeth in shape 

 are similar to those of the cow, but very much smaller. 



