2o6 



in cases with such discharge, a professional man be consulted at once, 

 to determine the nature of the complaint, and to treat accordingly. 

 Treatment : In cases of abscesses in the sinuses, or of a diseased 

 molar tooth, the parts have to be opened out — for which purpose a 

 tubular saw, termed a trephine, is employed — and the tooth removed, 

 or the abscess dressed, as the case may be. Sunple nasal gleet is, at 

 times, successfully treated by puffing iodoform up the nostrils with an 

 insufflator, or by injecting 15 grains of chinosel, dissolved in half-a- 

 pint of tepid water, up the nostrils. 



492. Glanders. — In the horse, this is a very dangerous, contagious 

 and inoculable disease, due to the presence of a micro-organism 

 called the bacillus mallei. It is found in the acute, sub-acute, and chronic 

 forms. In the old coaching days, when stables were badly constructed, 

 with low ceilings and insufficient ventilation, glanders was very rife ; 

 and, though it is now seldom seen in the country, it is, I am sorry to 

 say, even more prevalent now in towns than formerly. A horse 

 suffering from chronic glanders ma}' go on working and feeding for 

 months before anything particular is noticed about it ; except that its 

 coat looks ragged and unhealthy, and the lining membrane of the nostril 

 may be of a peculiar leaden hue.' The animal generally has a slight 

 discharge from one nostril, particularly the /f//, and a small enlargement 

 under the left jaw, firmly attached to the bone. At first, the nasal 

 discharge in glanders resembles healthy pus, of a yellow colour, and it 

 has a tendency to stick round the nostrils, but there is no foetid smell 

 accompanying it. As the case proceeds, the -discharge is occasionally 

 streaked with blood. On examining the nostril, the septum nasi, or 

 division, will be found to be ulcerated, the ulcers having a very peculiar 

 appearance, which needs the eye of the expert practitioner to detect, 

 and, as a rule, these when once formed rarely heal up. The lungs of 

 a glandered horse, on post-mortem, are found to be studded all over (in 

 clusters or separatel}') with small nodules, or tumours — the miliary 

 tubercle. Glanders should be reported immediately it is suspected, as 

 it is ver}' dangerous to both man and beast, and inoculation, from the 

 chronic, will cause the acute form, and death in a ver)^ short tmie. 



