3IO 



it was the general custom, when an animal cast its calf, to prepare 

 it for the fat market; this is done by many yet, but on some farms the 

 animals are now kept back fur a certain period and again served, and 

 in the course of from two to four years, the complaint dies out. The 

 latter is a much better plan than fattening off and replacing with stock 

 from an unknown and perhaps worse affected place. 



760. Prevention.— As the causes are various, so are the measures for 

 prevention ; while nearly every district has some pecuhar old-fashioned 

 fad of its own— such as burying the aborted calf under the doorstep of 

 the byre, or keeping a male goat amongst the stock, &c. Immediately 

 a cow shows signs of parting with its calf, it should be put into a box 

 and left there to calve by itself, in fact, no coiv should he allowed., under any 

 circnmstances, to calve amongst other pregnant animals, and for this reason, 

 every stock-breeder should have at his disposal one or more nursery 

 boxes for this purpose. When an animal casts its calf the utmost care 

 should be taken to keep it from contact with any others that are 

 pregnant, whilst the byres should be cleansed down, and washed with 

 lime-wash and carbolic acid, once every two months. Little's phenyle, 

 in the proportion of one to 80 of water, should be sprinkled over the 

 tail and hind-quarters of the other animals with a watering can, night 

 and morning ; chlorate of potash, or pure carbohc acid, in doses of 

 from two to four drachms, should be given them every other day, 

 every alternate fortnight,— from the third month after service to 

 the seventh,— in a mash of bran. Caution.— Irritating germicidal 

 mixtures should, however, not be injected into the vagina of a pregnant 

 animal,— though they are often recommended,— as they cause great 

 pain and straining, and are more hkely to bring about abortion than 

 to prevent it. 



761. Imperforate Hymen, known as Impervious Os-Uten.— 



In the virgin heifer, in perfect health, the vagina is very much 

 corrugated and constricted immediately in front of the neck of the 

 bladder, but beyond its external opening. In this complaint the 

 vaginal passage is entirely obliterated by these corrugations. Strange 

 to say, this lesion is mostly seen in white heifers ; I have operated on a 



