355 



1022. Disinfectants —A large number of simple and compound articles are used 

 as disinfectants, but nothing beats a good supply of fresh air, bright 

 sunshine, thorough cleanliness, good ventilation, and effective drainage. Boiling 

 water, steam, a good fire, the burning of disease-producing products, chemical 

 agents, such as carbolised lime, mineral salts, and the preparations of cldorine, 

 also Condy's fluid, are all good disinfectants. 



1023. Diuretics —These stimulate the kidneys to extra action, and cause an increased 

 secretion of urine, washing out the kidneys as it were, also removing waste 

 products from the system, and dropsical swellings from the legs and depending 

 parts of the body. The substances most commonly used for this purpose are- 

 Turpentine, nitrate of potash, resin, spirits of nitre, oil of juniper, &c, 



1024. EcBOLics, Parturients. -These act upon the womb and cause it to contract 

 and expel its contents, or they arrest haemorrhage from the womb. Excepting 

 for the bitch, these agents are rarely used in veterinary practice. Ergot of rye 

 is supposed to be the best. 



1025. Embrocations, Liniments.— These are stimulating counter-irritants used for- 

 external apjDlication for sprains, bruises, sore throats, &c. They increase the 

 action of the absorbent vessels, and also hurry forward suppurative processes. 

 There are numerous formulas for the making of liniments and embrocations. 



1026. Emetics are articles used to cause vomiting and emptying of the stomach. 

 Those used in veterinary practice are for dogs and cats only. -One teaspoonful 

 each of mustard and common salt, given in half-a-teacupful of warm watar 

 generally answers for a dog. 



1027. Emollients (see Demulcents). 



102S. Expectorants assist in the removal of the secretions from the air passages, 

 and for this purpose, ammonia, camphor, turpentine, and balsams can be used, 

 but the best expectorant for the horse or cow in catarrhal and lung affections, is 

 the inhalation of warm vapour, arising from steamed hay in the bottom of a pail, 

 over which some camphor shavings, or oil of eucalyptus, and one quart of boiling 

 water have been sprinkled. 



1029. Escharotics {see Caustics). 



1030. Febrifuges, Antipyretics.— These agents are numerous, and have different 

 actions on various parts of the body, according to the cau.se of the fever, but are 

 generally used for lowering the temperature of the body. In many cases in the 

 horse and cow bleeding answers the quickest, and with good effect ; in other 

 cases purgatives, when used judiciously, greatly assist in lowering the 



