1851. 



THE GENESEE FARMER. 



87 



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STEWART S PATEMT STUMP MACHINE. 



STEWAE'^'S PATENT STUMP MACHINE. 



Having been requested to give a plan of a stump 

 machine, to be operated by a horse, we present the 

 above, which is very highly recommended in the 

 eastern agricultural papers. Never having seen the 

 machine in operation, we give the following descrip- 

 tion from the New England Farmer : 



"This machine is not only used for pulling stumps, 

 but it is applicable to moving buildings, rocks, k,c. 

 It possesses great power and may be worked with 

 ease and convenience. 



A strong chain is put around the root of the stump 

 to be removed, as represented in the engraving on 

 the left. This chain passes over shears, or strong 

 timbers so placed as to give the power at the stump 

 an upward direciion. In many cases this part may 

 be dispensed with, and the chain pass over the 

 stump. The chain continues onward to the lever, 

 on wheels, to which the horse is attached. This 

 lever is fastened te a ordinary stump. When the 

 horse has passed on, according to his present posi- 

 tion, the length of the lever, he is turned in the 

 other direction, and at the same time, the outer chain 

 is dropped and the inner chain is hooked into the 

 leading chain, and the horse passes on to the extent 

 of the lever in the other direction. 



A pair of oxen may be used, if more, convenient. 

 When stumps are thick, a large number may be 

 pulled without removing the lever from the stationary 

 stump. It is said that the largest stumps may be 

 easily extracted with this machine. A pair of horses 

 or oxen is a sufficient team to take it from place to 

 place, and three men are sufficient to manage it in 

 the harvest work. The removal of 100 stumps is 

 considered a day's work. 



Machines and patent rights are offered for sale. 

 A'^.dress, William W. Willis, or James Kilburn, 

 Orange, Mass. Reference is made to the following 

 Sientlemen : — Alvah Crocker, Esq., Fitchburg, for- 

 merly President of Vermont and Mass. Railroad ; S. 

 F. Johnson, engineer of Troy and Greenfield Rail- 

 road ; Gilmore k, Carpenter, Boston, railroad con- 

 tractors , Boody, Dillon, k, Co., Springfield, railroad 

 contractors." 



Remedy for. Looseness or Scours in Calves. — 

 Make a tea, of equal portions of white oak, beech, 

 and slippery-elm bark, and give in moderate doses, 

 twice a day. — Cole. 



WHEAT RAISING AND WOOL GROWING. 



It has been said (how truthfully we will not argue) 

 that the American nation is a nation of gold hunters 

 and gold worshippers — that they pay a ready homage 

 at the shrine of mammon, and are last to leave hor 

 devoted altars. That they are highly impulsive, im- 

 patient, and restless for gain, and contrast strangely 

 with the sober, patient, and reflective German, is ob- 

 viously apparent. Acquisitiveness is a striking fea- 

 ture in their national character, and is often cultivated 

 at the expense of the very object in view. The truth 

 of this may be seen particularly among agriculturists 

 in grain growing districts. They are like the sel- 

 fish child who strives to grasp in his tiny hand a 

 treble portion of nuts or fruit, and loses his hold and 

 finds himself without any. A most suicidal policy 

 is pursued by the majority of farmers in the grain rais- 

 ing sections of our country. Eager for gain, and 

 unwilling to pay out, they go on from year to year 

 cropping and carrying ofT, without restoring suitable 

 fertilizers, until, ere they are aware, their farms are 

 impoverished and stinted crops and barren soils are 

 the certain results. 



According to the census of 18<10, the average pro- 

 duct of wheat per acre throughout the Empire State, 

 was 14 bushels ; oats, 26 ; barley, 11 ; rye, 9 J ; and 

 Indian corn, 25. The number of sheep in the State, 

 was 5,000,000, or over one quarter of all in the Uni- 

 ted States. They yielded 2| lbs. of wool per head. 

 Had these sheep been of the Spanish Merino breed, 

 and well kept, they might have yielded 2 lbs more 

 per head, which, at 20 cts. per lb., would have added 

 to the amount $3,500,000, a very pretty item to be 

 divided between the wool growers of the State, but a 

 serious drawback on their gains. The wheat and 

 corn crop might, and ought to have been doubled. 

 The number of bushels of wheat grown in New York 

 in 1847, was 14,500,000 bushels. Had it been 

 doubled, as it could have been on a less number of 

 acres, over $14,000,000 of dollars might have been 

 added to the pockets of the wheat growers ; and 

 by doubling the corn crop, which was 16,000,000 

 bushels, an additional sum of $8,000,000 might have 

 been realized. Of the practicability of this I have 

 not a doubt. 



We affirm that it is as easy to obtain 30 bu. of 

 wheat, or 50 bu. of corn from an acre, as one-half 

 that amount ; and it is as practicable to clip 500 lbs. 

 of wool from 100 sheep, as 300 lbs., and this from 



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