1851. 



THE GENESEE FARMER. 



217 



THE DOYENNE D' ETE PEAH. 



We have had a fine crop of this variety the present 

 season on several dwarf trees four years old, and can 

 therefore speak with confidence of its merits. It 

 comes fully up to our expectations, being a very beau- 

 tiful and good summer pear. 



Fruit small, roundish or obtusely turbinate, very 

 regular. Stalk stout and about three-fourths of an 

 inch long. Calyx small, closed, and very slightly 

 sunk. Skin smooth, pale yellow, ground finely dot- 

 ted with red in the sliade, and striped and marbled 

 with clear red in the sun. Flesh white, melting, 

 and sugary, with a great abundance of juice. The 

 wood is vigorous. Young shoots of an olive brown. 

 Buds pretty large, pointed, dark brown. Leaves 

 medium size, slightly folded and finely serrated, the 

 older ones slightly waved. Tree exceedingly pro- 

 ductive and bears quite young. The fruit is pro- 

 duced in clusters of three or four in each. Ripe 

 here this cold wet season on the 26th of July, and 

 remained in eating till the 10th of August. It im- 

 mediately succeeds the Madelaine, or in fact may be 

 said to ripen about the same time. We find that it 

 matures perfectly on the tree, and is less perishable 

 than many other summer varieties. Mr. Hovet has 

 figured it in his "Fruits of America." 



It originated in France, and has been introduced 

 to this country only within the last seven years. 

 Noisette says he obtained it from Nancy, a town in 

 the northeast of France, near Metz, and we think it 

 was probably disseminated from the nurseries of that 

 town. 



The Twknty-Fourth Annual Fair of the American 

 Institute will be held in New York, commencing October 

 1st. The following are among the premiums offered : 



|]0 for the best Flower Garden. 



§15 far the best display of Dahlias, (to be renewed during 

 the fair.) 



$15 dollars for the best display of Fruits ; $10 for 2J do. 



$8 for the best show of Apples. 



$8 for the best show of Pears. 



$y!) for the best f.irm of 100 acres. 



$10 for the best Market Garden. 



The first and two lust ara quite too small. The best farm 

 and market garden ought to have at least an award of $100 

 each, to be in proportion with the others. 



To Fruit Growers, Vegetable Gar- 

 deners, &.C. — We trust that there will be 

 no backwardness among the orchardists 

 and gardeners of our own, and even neigh- 

 boring States, in sending in their best pro- 

 ducts to the State Fair at Rochester, on 

 the 16, 17, and 18th of this month. The 

 interest now felt in horticultural aflairs, 

 and the reputation of the Genesee Valley 

 for excellence in fruits, will naturally at- 

 tract a large number of persons from all 

 parts of the country, and we must make 

 proper effort to meet their expectations. 

 The management of this department is in 

 the hands of a very competent committee 

 of gentlemen, who we feel confident will 

 make sucn arrangements as will admit of 

 every contribution being shown to good 

 advantage, and this is a great encourage- 

 ment for exhibitors. Every man who has 

 even a single fruit, flower or vegetable of 

 excellence, should not fail to send it in, 

 not only for his own credit's sake, but to 

 augment the interests of an exhibition so 

 well calculated to benefit the country at 

 large. It is too often the case, that those who have 

 but one or two articles fit to present, consider them 

 not of sufficient importance, and again others will 

 not exhibit unless certain of a prize ; but these are 

 great errors. Such a spirit is wholly unworthy of 

 men who desire to be ranked among the friends of 

 improvement. 



Seedless Apples. — Mr. E. A. Graham, of Port- 

 land, Conn., writes us tiiat seedless apples are pro- 

 duced in his neighborhood, by raising the trees from 

 layers. A branch of a young grafted tree is bent 

 down and a portion of it covered with earth, where 

 it remains till it has taken root, when it is cut away 

 from the parent tree and planted out. We do not 

 believe that the absence of seeds in the fruit is at- 

 tributable to the mode of propagation. 



ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. 



(R. L. GozLAr, South Edmeston, N. Y.) Seeds 

 of strawberries, raspberries and gooseberries should 

 either be sown as soon as ripe, or put among sand or 

 sandy earth till the spring following. We succeed 

 well both ways. They should be sown in very light 

 friable soil, and covered not over one-fourth of an 

 inch deep. The same remarks may be applied to 

 rose seeds. 



Apple, pear and quince seeds are usually sown as 

 as they are cleaned in the autumn. Occasionally 

 kept over till spring among sandy earth in cool places. 



Peach and plum stones require to be stratified, 

 that is laid in thin layers near the surface of the soil 

 during winter, so that the freezing and thawing and 

 moisture of the soil may prepare them for vegetation 

 the following spring. Thorn seeds should be put in 

 a rot heap in the ground, mixed with the earth when 

 gathered and remain there one year, when they may 

 be taken out and sown. Apple, pear, quince and 

 thorn seeds are all sown alike. A drill is opened 

 with a hoc, say two inches deep, the seed is evenly 

 distributed, and a covering of an inch to two of the 

 finest soil drawn over them. 



Ants. — The best method we know of to rid trees 

 of these insects is to trap them with some bottles of 

 some sweet liquid hung among the branches. In 



