1851. 



^HK GENESEE FA^RMER. 



219 



(giiitor's ^ablc. 



New Yjrk State Faik. — The next State Fair is to be 

 held at Rochester, on the 16lh, 17th, 18th, and 19th, of 

 September. Although we wish not to make promises, pre- 

 foTiing rather that those who visit it should bo agreeably 

 surprised with the extent and arrangement of the show, yet 

 from our knowledge of the facts, we may be permitted to 

 say that those wiio have charge of the matter are doing all 

 in their power for the success of the exhibition, and for the 

 accomodation of visitors. Our fruit-growers and horticul- 

 turists feel particularly anxious to do themselves credit, and 

 we shall be sorely disappointed if the show of fruit is not 

 superior — one that never has been and is not likely to be 

 excelled by any exhibition in any part of the world. 



Tuesday, Sept. 16, will be devoted to entries, and arrang- 

 ment of animals and articles for exhibition. 



Wednesday, 17, the judges will attend to their examina- 

 tions. The grounds will be open on this day only for officers, 

 guests, delegates, members, judges, and exhibitors. The 

 Executive Committee will meet at their large tent at 11 

 o'clock, and the judges are required to be present, as vacan- 

 cies will then be filled. 



Thursday and Friday, 18 and 19, the exhibition will be 

 open to the public. 



The annual address will be delivered by Senator Doug- 

 lass, of Illinois, on Friday afternoon on the show grounds. 



The award of premiums will be made immediately after 

 the address, and the Treasurer will pay them at the Business 

 Office till the close of the day, and in the evening and on 

 Saturday forenoon at the Society's rooms at the Eagle Hotel. 



Forage and water in abundance will be furnished for stock, 

 straw for litter, and grain for swine and poultry. 



It is the intention of the officers to make the sale of stock, 

 implements, &c., a permanent feature of the fair. The op- 

 portunity thus afforded to inspect the best stock in the coun- 

 try, with a view of making purchases, should not be over- 

 looked. 



There will be a large collection of poultry, and those who 

 have heard so much of late of improved breeds, without 

 having an opportunity of seeing them, should embrace this 

 opportunity. The Shanghaes and Cochin Chinas will be 

 well represented, and speak for themselves, although they 

 appear to have been very badly treated by the Executive 

 Committee in making out their premium list. 



[IJ= Exhibitors must become members of the Society, and 

 have their articles and animals entered on the Secretary's 

 books, not later than Tuesday, 16th September. And all 

 articles and animals except horses, must be brought within 

 the enclosures as early as Tuesday noon, in order that they 

 may be suitably arranged. Horses will be received early on 

 Wednesday morning, but must be entered previously. 



Members of the society and all who may become such at 

 the time of the Show, by the payment of §1 to the Treas- 

 urer, will be furnished with badges or cards of membership, 

 which will admit the person and his wife and children under 

 21 years of age, to the exhibition at all times during the con- 

 tinuance of the show. 



Single tickets 12^ cents, admitting one person, will be 

 ready on Thursday morning, at the Treasurer's office, at the 

 show grounds. 



Persons desiring accomodations for stock will have provis- 

 ions made on application to Mr. J. P. Fogg, Rochester. 



The judges (especially those on animals,) will be expec- 

 ted to give the reasons of their decisions, embracing the val- 

 uable and desirable qualities of the animals or articles to 

 which premiums are awarded. 



Stump Machine. — Our attention has been called to an error in 

 our plan of a Stump Machine, in the June number. The rounrl 

 pole or lever (fig. 1) should be 10 feet, instead of 10 inches long, as 

 incorrectly stated. 



Seeding with Wheat. — The most common defects in 

 preparing ground for seed wheat is a failure to till the soil so 

 thoroughly as it really needs. The great art of tillage is 

 better displayed in wheat-culture than in any other crop 

 grown at tho north. The earth should be broken up exceed- 

 ingly fine, if one desires to develope its highest capabilities, 

 and at a reasonable depth. Jethro Tull made a reputation 

 which has already endured over a century, and is likely to 

 last for several to come, by his skill in comminuting the 

 soil for a " pasture for wheat plants." He was the fiitlicr of 

 drill husbandry and horse-hoeing in the culture of wheat ; 

 and lie maintained that tilluge was a perfect substitute for 

 manure, if well performed. In this he erred, but his prac- 

 tice has not been materially improved upon in 1.30 years, 

 with all our modern science. Deep and fine tilth, with" prop- 

 per drainage, were the Alpha and Omega of his system. A 

 wheeled cultivator is a valuable implement for putting in 

 seed, or preparing the land for it ; but a good harrow will do 

 excellent work if thoroughly used. More farmers neglect 

 the harrowing than the plowing of the soil in all tillage 

 where both are required to mellow the earth, and subdue 

 grass and weeds. Be careful to open water courses where 

 they are necessary to prevent the washing of a light soil, 

 and to cover the seed at as uniform a depth as possible. — 

 Wheat washed in strong brine and dried in recently slaked 

 lime will seldom be affected by smut. 



Prepared Guano.— -We would advise our readers to be 

 very cautious in buying any of the nostrums for sale as 

 " Prepared Gumio." They are generally got up for tlie pur- 

 pose of emptying instead of filling the purses of farmers— and 

 in this, appear Uo be quite successful. We have now before 

 us a specimen, purchased at Peck Slip, New York, and for 

 which E. T. KiRKHAM, of Knowlesville, in this State, paid 

 $1 per hundred pounds, which we should judge would be 

 about as valuable as coal ashes. It appears to be composed 

 of the lime aud refuse coke from gas works, and in a barrel 

 there would hardly be found a trace of ammonia. The pur- 

 chaser informs us that he has not perceived tho slightest 

 benefit from its use. We may analyze this article, and give 

 its composition, and the names of those who are thus engaged 

 in pludering the public. 



Royal Agricultural Society's Di.vner.— It will be 

 seen by Mr. Barry's letters that a dinner was prepared for 

 two thousand persons, for which as many tickets were sold 

 at lOs. each, or about $2.50. This dinner was a grand af- 

 fiir, at which the Duke of Richmond, President of the societj', 

 presided, Prince Albert and other distinguished characters 

 made speeches. We trust that a large and respectable din- 

 ner will be prepared on the occasion of the State Fair in this 

 city, if a hall or tent can be procured that will seat one thou- 

 sand persons at tables. Any smaller number will be likely 

 to excite dissatisfaction. 



Patent Office Agricultural Report. — We say to 

 those who have inquired where this report is to be found, 

 call on your Member of Congress. These reports are taken 

 by Members of Congress for distribution. Farmers should 

 see that they are properly distributed. We fear thousands 

 of them that should be in the hands of farmers, are stowed 

 away in dark corners as useless rubbish. 



Farmers who may attend the State Fair, will find a large 

 collection of agricultural books for sale at our office. Those 

 entitled to premiums who have not received them, will find 

 a good opportunity, if not attending themselves, to send by 

 a friend. 



Advertisements, to secure insertion in the Farmer, must 

 be received as early as the lOlh of the previous month, and 

 be of such a character as to be of interest to farmers. We 

 puhli.sh no other. Terms — $2.00 for every hundred words, 

 each insertion, paid in advance. 



