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THE GENESEE PARMER. 



give as a striking illustration, Sir Thomas Fairfax. The pedigree of tlie dam of this celebra- 

 ted bull was defective. There are almost always to be observed in a well selected stock, distin- 

 guishing features, so that judges can at once determine from what blood they are descended. 



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SHORT-HORNED BULL. 



In giving a description of the points which should distinguish the structural formation of 

 the Short-horn, we will take the aged bull, namely, tkree, or above three years old, giving 

 the appearance when viewed in difterent positions. 



Viewed from behind, there should be a breadth of carcass, a levelness and squareness 

 above, and along the quarters and back. The ribs should appear to be in nearly a straiglit 

 line with the shoulders and hind quarters ; the thighs or twist should descend in nearly a 

 straight line ; the muscles of the thighs should be fully developed in the inside, the thighs 

 being united to one another well down towards the hocks. The hocks should be broadly 

 formed, straight and large, and the legs straight and delicately formed beneath the hock. 

 The wbole appearance should give a general symmetry to the frame of the animal. 



Viewed sideways, the animal should appear moderately long, height and size corresponding. 

 The head should be rather low set, upon a strong, broad, deep, and muscular neck. The 

 head long, and tapering towards the muzzle, the forehead broad between the eyes, line i, with 

 the bones for the sockets raised, giving a concave appearance between the eyes. Tlie eyes 

 should be largo, lustrous, and prominent, pressed outward, with the fatty bed below. This is, 

 in all animals, a certain index of facility of secreting fat. The skin around the eye and muz- 

 zle should be of a delicate orailge tinge ; the nostrils wide ; the jaws moderately clean ; the 

 ears long, well set, near the crown of the head, and covered with silky hair in the inside. 

 The horn should be short, not too thick, , somewhat smooth, rather pointed, and tlie color 

 white or slightly tinged with brown, corresponding to the color of the skin. The throat 

 should be clean, with the skin loose down towards .the brisket. The muscles along tlie neck 

 should bo raised and strongly developed. If so, the muscles along the back, loins, and down 

 the whole extremities will almost invariably be correspondingly developed. Tlie shoulder 

 blades should be short, covered with muscles, the top of the shoulders broad ; and there 

 should be little or no perceptible hollow or depressioTi behind them. This point is very often 

 faulty in the Siiort-liorn. The ribs should bo well arched from the spine, and appear to bo 

 wide apart from one another. Towards the hookbono the bony frame should bo wide, and 

 the jiarts well clothed with flesh, and straight along to the top of the setting on of the tail. 

 Across tho loins there should be an indentation over the spine, the hookboues moderately 

 developed, und the space marked between the last rib and tho hookbone should bo short. 

 Behind the hookbone and towards the tail (tlio quarters), tho muscles should be well raised, 

 embedded in fatty celliihir texture, and thus leel soft, and elastic to the touch. The breadth 

 between the hooks, (liips,) line t, should correspond to the length between tho points of tho 

 hook and the point of the fat and fleshy rnuq) C, towards rumj)'. hi a full size<l hull this will 

 be about 2 ft. 2 in. to 2 ft. G in. The tail siiould be gracefully set on, small towards tho point 



