e^ 



type was purchased expressly to print it, (and 

 purchased not at the expense of the Society,) and 

 an arrangement was also made to stereotype each 

 number of the journal and print it, for which the 

 Society has abundant means. What direction 

 its affairs will take hereafter we know not. 



Oil Cake. — Does the manner of preparing lin8ee<i for fat- 

 tening (Mttle, as given in the March number of the i'^i/r- 

 tner, apply to the oil cake or moal, as well as to the seed. 

 How sliould the meal be prepared for feeding youii;: calves, 

 and what should be their daily allowance V E. W. W. — 

 Iluron, Ohio. 



In feeding oil cake to sheep it should not be 

 ground fine, but merely broken in half inch 

 lumps, as sheep like something hard to nibble, 

 and oftentimes will not eat the meal. One pound 

 per day is a liberal allowance for fattening sheep ; 

 for fattening cattle it is often only roughly bro- 

 ken, as recommended for sheep, but it is prefera- 

 ble to reduce it to a fine meal and mix it with 

 cut hay or straw moistened so that it will adhere 

 to it. Four pounds per day with cut hay, or 

 seven to nine pounds with cut coiui-stalks or 

 straw, is a good allowance. 



We have often used oil cake for rearing calves, 

 with advantage, but do not recollect the quantity 

 given per day. The oil cake meal should be gently 

 boiled in water till it will gelatinise on cooling. 

 A little of the jelly should be added to the warm 

 skim milk fed to the calves. A quantity of jelly 

 corresponding to about three ounces of meal, and 

 increased with the age of the calf, we should 

 think would be sufficient per diem. 



Lead Pipe— Plastke in Winter.— I contemplate conduct- 

 ing water from a well about ten feet in depth about fifteen 

 rods, in order to have a permanent supply in my barn-yard. 

 There is sufficient descent, though quite gradual, and I am 

 somewhat at a loss to decide what pipe to use. My prefer- 

 ence would be to use lead^ipe laid in syphon form, and 

 thus save the labor of digging a ditch ; but have some mis- 

 givings on account of a want of any definite knowledge on 

 the subject I solicit information, through the columns of 

 your excellent journal, whether, for practical permanent 

 purposes, I shall use half inch lead pipe (as larger is quite 

 expensive) in syphon form, or sink the ditch to about the 

 depth of the well and use cement pipe or pump logs. 



Would we get the same benefit from our plaster if we 

 should strew it upon the land in winter as we do if sown in 

 the spring V S. Oof fin. — Nimda, N. Y. 



If the supply of water from the well is certain 

 to equal all that can run in the lead pipe in the 

 dryest times, the syphon plan is safe and cheap- 

 est ; but if the pipe should draw air ir>stead of 

 water, (as it would when the well failed to meet 

 the demand upon it,) the apparatus would be 

 worthless for the time being. It might be charged 

 anew and made to operate so long as there was 

 no lack of water. The volume of the stream that 

 runs into the well or spring should a little ex- 

 ceed that to be delivered by the pipe. 



It is a little better to sow plaster as the grass 



begins to grow, than at an earlier period, because 

 a fraction of it will often be washed into ditches, 

 or rills, or dissolved in surface water, if applied 

 in the winter on snow. 



Pea Straw. — Many of your readers in this v icinity are 

 anxious to hear from you again respecting the utility of pea 

 straw as a feed for cattle. They are not satisfied that it can 

 contain so much nourlsdment as set forth in the September 

 inumber, I think. M. OAMrBELL. — Kirkwall, O. W. 



■ On reference to our article on "Peas, and Pork 

 making," in September number, we could find 

 nothing in reference to pea straw, and do not 

 recollect having written anything about its nutri- 

 tious qualities. We would here say, however, 

 that pea straw contains more nutritious matter 

 than either wheat oi" oat straw. The reason it is 

 so seldom turned to good use in feeding cattle is, 

 that it is somewhat difficult to cure properly. It 

 is usually full of dust and mouldy, and is so shat- 

 tered in threshing that cattle will scarcely eat it. 

 Nevertheless, if properly cured, pea straw makes 

 first rate fodder. 



Applytng Manitre. — I have a meadow somewhat worn 

 with plowing which I want to manure. Would it be best 

 to put the manure on green this spring, or let it rot in the 

 heap until fall? The manure is the droppings of eight 

 cows, twelve sheep, one horse, and forty-five hens, mixed 

 promiscuously. The meadow is a dry gravelly loam. 

 Makcellus Palmer. — Centremlle, N. Y. 



We should prefer to apply it very early in the 



spring to any other time. We should ] refer the 



fall rather than late in the spring, with the risk 



of dry weather setting in. 



JIiLK OP Native and other Breeds op Catti.b, &c. — 

 Will you, or some of your numemus correspondents, state 

 what is the average quantity of milk our native cows give 

 in a year, say five, ten, fifteen or twenty ; also, the Short- 

 horn Durham, or any other breed of cows. A great many 

 people believe that the native cows, on an average, give as 

 much milk as the Short-horns. 



Also, which produces the most butter and cheese from the 

 same quantity of milk ? 



What kind of hay is the best for milch cows in the winter, 

 Clover, Timothy, or Red Top ? 



As the season is approaching for farmers to lay up their 

 hay for whiter, this last question I wish you would answer, 

 if neither of the others. J. G. Fanning.— ^ato«, Ohio. 



Will our correspondents favor us with their 



views on these subjects? 



Swamp Land. — As I have been a subscriber to 

 the Genesee Farmer for many years, I, for the 

 first time, write you in answer to J. K. Taylor's 

 inquiry in the April number, respecting swamp 

 lands. I have had some experience, I think, with 

 the same kind of soil he mentions. If he has got 

 sterile soil near by, and $1,000 to expend, after 

 draining, to lay out in hauling the swamp to the 

 sterile soil, and the sterile soil to the swamp, he 

 can make good land of both. I have hauled it 

 on the garden and found beneficial results, and 

 made soiue satisfactory experiments that it can- 

 not be made good fanning land. A good crop is 

 very uncertain after the first. If you could suc- 

 ceed in burning the soil over every year, you 



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