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Vol. XV. Second Sekiss. ROCnESTER, N. Y., JANUARY, 1854. 



No. 1. 



A IIOXTULY JOUIiXAL OF 



AGRICULTURE & HORTICULTURE. 



VOIiUME XV., SECOXD SERIES. 1854. 



EACH NUMBER CONTAIXS 32 ROYAL OCTATO PAGES, IN 



DOUBLE COLUMN'S, AND TWELVE NUMBERS KOKil 



A VOLUME OF 3S4 PAGES IN A YEAR. 



Ternxs. 



Single Copy, $0.50 



Five Copies, 2.00 



Eight Copies, -.- - 3.00 



And at the same rate for any larger number. 

 JJ^" Remittances properly mailed, and postage paid, at the risk 

 if ilie Publisher. 

 Jj;^^ Postmasters are respectfully requested to act as Agents. 



D.\MEl. liEE, 



Publisher and Proprietor, Roclicater, N. Y. 



FOR PROSPECTUS AXD PREMIUMS, SEE LAST PAGE. 



In sending out to the world onr Fifteenth Vol- 

 ume, second series, in a New Y'^ear's Dress — plain and 

 becoming — we tender our grateful acknowledgments 

 to eveiy patron and friend of the work. It has not 

 been published in the Valley of the Genesee twenty- 

 five years without producing important and au.spicious 

 results. Ohio contains as fertile lands as Western 

 New York ; but there is not one county in that rich 

 and productive State that comes within a half million 

 bushels of Monroe county in her annual crop of wheat, 

 whose farmers have tauglit each other through the 

 pages of the Genesee Fanner for a quarter of a cen- 

 tury. Such are the vlsil)le, undeniable fruits of sus- 

 tainining a cheap medium for the mutual instruction 

 of the cultivators of the soil. Monroe county, in 

 which Rochester is situated, not only produces five 

 hundred thousand bushels of wheat more than any 

 other in the United States, but its farmers have more 

 capital invested in agricultural implements and ma^ 

 chinery than any other. In the production of fruit 

 trees, and ornamental plants of every kind, our nur- 

 serymen do a larger business, as was often stated by 

 Mr. Downing, than exists elsewhere m the whole 

 Union. These facts are most gi-atifying — indicating 

 a cultivated tagte in the community in which we live, 

 and pecuHar advantages for making our journal the 

 most reliable and instructive of any of its class in the 

 country. It is the old, the acknowledged exponent 

 of a Lancasterian Agricultural School, which, we 

 trust, will continue to grow and. improve sO; long as 



water runs, and children arc born with the wants 

 of food and raiment impressed upon their consti- 

 tutions. 



We respectfully invite tlie perusal of every article 

 in this number, and trust that the reader will be so 

 much pleased as to aid the editor and proprietor by 

 procuring more subscriljers for this volume. 



CUE AGRICULTURAL PROSPECTS. 



We have been alive to whatever affects the farming 

 interest for many yeai-s, and it gives us much pleasure 

 to be able to say that our agi'icultural prospects have 

 never before been so promising in the present cen- 

 tury. Many causes have conspired to bring about 

 this auspicious change in favor of the owners and 

 cultivators of American soil. A few of the more 

 obvious influences we will name, that our readers may 

 see what we regard as the most important elements 

 of their national prosperity. 



Inventions of labor-saving, wealth-creating ma^ 

 chines of all kinds, and discoveries in science and 

 art, are beyond all question the most powerful pro- 

 moters of human comfort and improvement. They 

 create at once a demand for all the necessaries and 

 liLxuries grown in the field, the garden, and the or- 

 chard, and the means of paying for the same. Pears 

 have sold in considerable quantities in our large com- 

 mercial cities at a dollar a dozen ; and good fruits 

 of all kinds yield almost fabulous profits on the cost 

 of production. Farmers should ponder deeply the 

 undeniable fact, that the laboring milhons really pro- 

 duce vastly more than they did ten, twenty, thirty, 

 and fifty years ago ; and, consequently, they can not 

 only sell more, but buy more, and consume more, of 

 the rich and varied fruits of human industy, according 

 to population, than ever before. This general and 

 most substantial advancement in the art, the science, 

 and the power of production, secures to the intelli- 

 gent cultivatoi-s of the earth, in all coming time, what 

 in a business point of view they most need — a market 

 for the products of agricultural and horticultural skill 

 and labor. Were we altogether dependent on our 

 own industrious people for consumers of our various 

 crops and provisions, prices would doubtless rule low 

 for some years to come ; but, fortunately, the inhabi- 

 tants of Europe, and other foreign countries, neecl 

 our agi-icultural staples to the amount of some hun 

 dreds of millions a year. Our armual export of co' 



