20 



THE GENESEE FAEMER. 



of liquid manure; of malt beer and brandy. In siim- 

 nwr, manufacture of beer, vinegar, cider, lime, and 

 draining tiles. Eighth course — Rural economy ; valu- 

 ation of real estate; general circumstances of the 

 country; of farms in general ; of different parts of the 

 same farm; of the home means of maintaining its fer- 

 tility; of system of culture; of labor and the inter- 

 nal organization of a farm; relation between the num- 

 ber of beasts and land worked; of capital of the un- 

 dertaker or farmer; of tlie different modes of working 

 afarm. A''inth course — Agricultural book-keeping, &c. 



Auxiliary Sciexces. — First course — Higher arith- 

 metic. Second course — Algebra. Third course — 

 Planimetry. Fourth course — Stereometry. Fifth 

 course — Trigonometry. Sixth course — Applied ge- 

 ometry. Seventh course — Mathematics applied to 

 forests: 1, of the culture of trees and of the entire 

 forest; 2, of the increase of trees; 3, of the valua- 

 tion in money of forests. Eighth course — Physics. 

 JVinth course — Mechanics. Tenth course — Chemis- 

 try. Eleventh course — Oryctognosy. Twelfth course 

 — Geognosy. Thirteenth course — Vegetable botany 

 and physiology. Fourteenth course — Sjjecial and 

 rural botany. Fifteenth course — Zoology. Sixteenth 

 course — Verteriuary medicine: 1, natural history of 

 our domestic animals; 2, anatomy of the same; 3, 

 animal physiology; 4, care to be taken of animals; 

 5, of the medicines proper for shght chseases; 6, de- 

 scription of diseases, pathology and therapeutics; 

 7, veterinary surgery; 8, internal diseases of animals 

 and murrains. Seventeenth course — Of forest law. 

 Eighteenth course — Rural constructions. JVinetecnth 

 course — Of preparing plans. Twentieth course — 

 Drawing of machines. 



To illustrate these courses of instruction, the means 

 seem to be very ample at Hohenheim. They are as 

 follows: 



The operations on a large farm annexed to the In- 

 stitute; a forest of 5,000 acres; a libraiy open twice 

 a week; a geological collection; a miueralogical do. ; 

 a botanical do.; a collection of woods, seeds, and 

 resins from the forest; a collection in comparative 

 anatomy; do. of specimens of wool; do. of agricul- 

 tural products; do. of models of instruments for til- 

 lage; do. for physical science; do. for chemistry and 

 laboratory. 



Students board where they please, at a price from 

 $24 to $120 per annum, but lodge at the Institute. 

 The number of students in 1849 was about 100. but 

 it had been 140 for many years. No less than 1650 

 finished then- education at this seminary within thirty- 

 one years. Dr. Hitchcock pertinately asks: " How 

 is it possible that so many, having gone through such 

 a thorough system of instruction, should not exert a 

 powerful influence upon agriculture throughout the 

 community?" 



If the number of students appears small, it must 

 be borne in mind that the small towTi of Hohenheim 

 has seven agricultural and horticultural schools of an 

 inferior grade. 



In Saxony there is a Superior School vnth nine 

 professors, and a domain of 7,355 acres. Brunsmck 

 has a Superior School with thirteen professors. This 

 practice of subdividing the business of teaching among 

 so many professors, each of whom gives his undivided 

 attention to the advancement of a particular art or 



science, secures that pre-eminence in German Uni- 

 vcreitics and scholars for which they are distinguished 

 Is it not possible for the United States to have one 

 school worthy of the republic? — D. Lcc, in Patent 

 Office Report. 



^»*.^ 



ITEMS FROM THE PATENT OFFICE 

 llEPORT FOR 1852-3. 



Wk find the followmg interesting items from the 

 last Patent Office Report prepared by the editor of 

 the Genesee Farmer, in the Register and Examim-r, 

 of West Chester, Pa., — a journal that selects and 

 condenses with skill and judgment: 



" Judging from all the returns that have reached 

 the Patent Office, the farmers of Ohio produce not 

 only more wheat in the aggregate than those of any 

 other State, but more bushels per acre on an aver- 

 age." 



" In some counties in this State, the bam-yard ma- 

 nure is designedly wasted, as the soil does not require 

 it, and it is removed from the yard only because this 

 is cheaper than to remove the bam. It is noticed, 

 however, that the average yield on old lands is less 

 per acre than formerly." 



" The best remedy," says one writer, " for Hessian 

 flies and "Weevils, is the propagation and care of the 

 fussy and feathering tribes of the air. To the swal- 

 lows in general, but more particularly to the chimney 

 swallow, is assigned the duty of waging successful 

 and incessant war, during the warm seu \)u and until 

 late in the fall, ujiou those immense armies of insects 

 which float in the summer breeze, the Weevil and Fly 

 included. These birds, as is generally well knov.m, 

 procure all their food, consisting of insects, upon the 

 wing. After their broods have been reared, they 

 partake of but two meals a daj- — breakfast and sui> 

 per. In the morning they range fiulher; in the eve- 

 ning they procure their food nearer their domiciL 

 When feeding their young they are busy all day." 



" Now, if these birds can be multiplied to any de- 

 sirable extent on every farm, I submit, whether their 

 being so multiplied would not insure our wheat 'crops 

 against the ravages of all insects. The house I live 

 in," continues the writer, " has been built twenty-seven 

 years; it has two stacks of chimneys, with two flues 

 in each from the second floor. One of these cliim- 

 neys, and one flue of the other, is every summer and 

 fall exclusively devoted to the use of swallows: here 

 they are permitted to breed undisturbed, and all avail- 

 able means are resorted to to remedy accidents. Thus 

 encouraged and cared for, my colony of swallows has 

 become quite respectable in numbers, amounting to 

 something like one hundred in October last. I have 

 been but little, if any, troubled with the fly, and with 

 such an effective corps of champions, I feel quite se- 

 cure from the ravages of the Vandal insect." 



The wi-iter recommends the raising of cliimneys, 

 "made of boards, and attached to barns and out^ 

 houses, at small expense," for the propagation of these 

 useful little creatures. He further remarks that " the 

 killing of birds for pulling up corn, resembles some- 

 what the biting the hand that feeds us. What ! kill 

 your most devoted servant; your only efficient labo- 

 rer in securing your crop from utter destruction; one 

 who has toiled through the whole spring — ^haa fol- 



