28 



THE GENjESEE FARMER. 



CONDUCTED BY JOSEPH FROST. 





DYTAKF COERRT, ONLY TWO YEARS OLD, BEARING FRUIT. 



NOTES ON THE CULTIVATION OF THE 

 CIIEREY UiON THE M HALEB STOCK. 



Owing to the greatly increased attention whicli 

 horticultural pursuits have commanded within ihe 

 pa.st few years, many trials and experiments have been 

 made by zealous cultivators ^^^th the different varie- 

 ties of fruits, and testing the various kinds of stocks, 

 by subjecting them to different influences, and apply- 

 ing the same to the wants of the public and to the 

 various sections of the country. 



It is folly to presume that one variety of fruit, or 

 a tree grown upon a particular kind of stoclv, or in a 

 certain" form, will succeed equally well in the many 

 sections of our land, which embraces so great an ex- 

 panse of territory, such a divei-sity of climates, and 

 an almost endless variety of soils. To make the 

 proper classification or assignment for most fruits, so 

 that one to a certainty can s ly that this will succeed 

 admirably ia this locality and fiiil in that, will require 

 much laljor and patient study for years. The results 

 of some are already known, and it is this fact which 

 has given horticulture such an astonishing impetus, 

 imexamp'ed in any age. 



Cultivating the Pear upon the Quince in the dwarf, 

 pyi-amidul and half-standard form, is extensively prac- 

 ticed; also t'le Apple and Cherry, though not so 

 laigely; nnd in some degree the Peach and Plum. 



Dwarf an 1 pyramidal Cherries, which are produced 

 by grafting or "budding the diiFerent varieties of this 

 fruit upon the Mahaleb stock, promise to be invalu- 

 ble, more particularly to the south-west and west. 

 Standard CheiTies, which are grown upon the Maz- 

 zard stock, in our naturally over-rich western soils, 

 produce each a great amount of wood as to bear lit- 

 tle or no fruit; and owing most probably to the very 



imperfect ripening of the wood, the trunk o.' the treij 

 splits upon the approach of winter and soon perishes. 

 The hot and long-continued dry weather during tlui 

 summer months, in the southern parts of Ohio, Indi- 

 ana and Illinois, prevailing at about the time of tlij 

 ripening of the fruit, is a serious drawback. 



Those cultivated upon the Mahaleb stock, as ex- 

 perience proves, are much less affected by the ex- 

 tremes of wet and dry weather, thereby insuring a 

 good crop of fruit; the wood, too, is better ripened, 

 so as to withstand most successfully the winters. The 

 liabit of the tree assumes naturally a pyramidal shajic. 

 The lower branches commence to form near iho 

 ground, and the future limbs shoot out at regular 

 distances, as the leader of the plant rises. The tioe 

 l^eing low, is well adapted to withstand the high wind- 

 that prevail upon the prairies, and more or less in a!l 

 level countries; and the trunk or body of the plant 

 is well protected from the destructive influence of tin 

 sun. Its most peculiar and promising characteristic- 

 are its great productiveness, and the early stage al 

 which it bears fruit. Frequently mere bushes, onl\ 

 two or three years old from bud, are literally lad-i 

 with the choicest cheiTies. Upon clayey or very di}- 

 poor, chalkey soils it thrives finely, where the Maz 

 zard would not flourish. 



Cherries of the Duke and Morello classes wcmh 

 attain the height of ten to twelve feet, if desired. 

 With a little pruning once or twice a year, princi 

 pally by cutting back the extremities of the shoots 

 they can be made to assume a pyramidal shape oi 

 bush form, which, while it detracts nothing from thcii 

 fruitfulness, well adapts them for gardens and pla^ v, 

 aff'ording but little room. 



The more free and rapid growing sorts, compri> > 

 in the Heart and Bigarreau classes, would grow irnn 

 fourteen to sixteen feet, but they ought to be 1:0] i 

 within less bounds by pruning. They are well adapi 

 ed for gardens and orchards in rather sterile localiiies 

 where a little more space should be allotted tlnn 

 than is requked for the Dukes and Morellos. 



REMONTANT ROSES. 



This class of Roses, generally termed Perpetual 

 and Hybrid Perpetual, are fast driving the Gardtjij 

 Roses out of cultivation, which bloom but once, and 

 during the remainder of the season burden the ground. 



Among the June Roses are some varieties it seems 

 necessary to cultivate, that some colors may be 

 obtained which are not among the Perpetual s, 

 such as Persian Yellow, Madam Hardy and Ma- 

 dam Plantier, Ch6n6dole, Aureti and some others. 

 The beautiful golden yellow of one, the snowy white- 

 ness of Madams Plantier and Hardy, the rich glow- 

 ing crimson of Ch6u6ndole, and the dark velvety 

 appearance of Aureti, make them all desirable. 1 he 

 production of new varieties is now pursued with so 

 much zeal, particulariy by the French, that it will lie 

 but few years before all these colors will be embraced 

 among the Remontants. 



Now the Perpetuals include all the colors from 

 neariy a pure white, as Blanche and Blanche Vibert, 

 to a brilliant crimson or dark purple, as Giant of 

 Battles and Dembrowskii. They are perfectly hardy, 

 enduruig the ■winters in our northern latitudes unpro- 



