THE GENESEE FARMER. 



31 



FRUIT AND FRUIT TREE CULTURE. 



Thkre is no portion of tlie world wLere climnte 

 and ^oil, in ordinary reasons, are so sure to give a pro- 

 fitable return to tlie cultivator of fruits as in Western 

 New York; and the value is much increased from 

 the fact that the best quahties are becoming more 

 and more plenty with us, as all our nurserj-men find 

 more pleasure in selling trees which they know to be 

 of the better sorts. Hence Rochester has become 

 known to be a center from which good trees can be had. 



As a proof of the quality of our apples, Mr. Barry, 

 while conductor of the Horticultural Department of 

 this paper, took with him to England specimen 

 JS'orthcni Spy and A''orloiis Melon apples, which 

 Mr. RivicRS pronounced superior to any grown there, 

 lie says: " Your American apples," alluding to the 

 kinds mentioned above, " I can eat, as they are ten- 

 der — almost melting — and easy of digestion." Also, 

 that he grew l)ut two varieties for Covent Garden 

 market — the Slnrmer Pippin and Dumeloios Seed- 

 ling — "and that apples in England were in most 

 seasons so sharp [sour or tart) as to scarcely pay for 

 gathering." 



What a contrast this to the abundant supply usually 

 had here! Only two varieties! Why, with us a suc- 

 cession of kinds, both early and late, would Ije gTOwn. 



The same proves true v.-ith French grown apples, 

 for samples recently received here from A.vpre Le 

 Roy were very inferior in appearance and flavor to 

 our American ones. 



At the risk of reiterating what has before been 

 pubhshed in our columns, we will class what we deem 

 the very best apples, both as standard fruits for mar- 

 ket, and sucli as coimoiseurs would admire : 



Early Varieties. — Early Harvest, Early Joe, 

 Red Astrachan, Hawley or Douse, Early Straiv- 

 herry, Large Yellow Bough, Sine-qua-7ion, Summer 

 Rose, Alexander — all choice for dessert, and ripe from 

 the 1st of August to the 1.5th of September. 



Autumn Vari?:ties. — Autumn Straivberry, Dyer, 

 Fail Pippin, Maidens Blush, Porter, St. Lawrence, 

 Graven-stein, Holland Pippin, Bailey Sweeting. 



Winter Varieties. — Baldwin, Vandervere, Lac- 

 quier, Yellow Bell-flower, Blue Pear main. Peck's 

 Pleasant, Esopus Spitzenburgh, Twenty Ounce, 

 Swaat, Fameuse, Canada Red, Pomme Grise, 

 Rhode Island Greening, A''ortons Melon, JVorthern 

 Spy, Winter or Herefordshire Pearmain, Golden 

 Russet, JVewtown Pippin, Jonathan, Wagener, Cor- 

 nish GiUiflower, Porter, Hubbardston J\''onsuch, 

 Rambo, Domine, Canada Rcinette, Roxbury Russet, 

 Ribston Pippin. Sweet Apples — Green Sweeting, 

 Tolman, Pound, and Bailey Sweeting. 



Here we have iif ly varieties of choice apples, most of 

 them melting and delicious; and from the fifty we can 

 select twenty-fi\e varieties as good as were ever grown. 



Xow all that is wanting to perpetuate this choice 

 fruit, and not have it run out, is to take good care 

 of the trees, and give them culture. With proper 

 pruning and enriching of the soil, we venture the as- 

 sertion that the trees may be kept productive for fifty 

 years after bearing. A\''e subjoin a list of twelve 

 kinds for a private garden: 



- Early Hai^est, Early Joe, Red Astrachan, Haiv- 

 ley or Douse, St. Lawrence, Canada Red, Rambo, 



JVorton.-i Melon, Herefordshire Pearmain, Fameuse, 

 Bailey Sweeting, Green Sweeting; and to make a 

 plumj) dozen, add A'orthern Spy — never to be ex- 

 celled in its season. Vi. 



A SELECT LIST OP ORCHARD PEACH 

 TREES. 



I HAVE made arrangements to set out one thousand Peach 

 trees, on six acres of good land — the soil a deep gravely 

 loam — the trees to be one rod apart in the row each wav. 

 I should like your opinion of what kinds, and how mar/j 

 of a kind, it would be best to set out for market purposes. 

 Also, what the trees would be worth at ten years' growth, 

 well taken care of, to be as good as money at seven per 

 cent, interest. By giving your opinion you will much 

 oblige a subscriber, and one who has every volume of the 

 Farmer from 1831 to the present time, and most of them 

 well bound. I find them an invaluable hook of reference 

 on all matters pertaining to the fiirm, garden, and fruit- 

 culture. Palmer Brown. — East Aurora, N. Y. 



P. S. — Summer, fall, and early winter fruit only. 



Expecting soon to plant a Peach orchard on our 

 own farm, we will name the varieties which we pre- 

 fer; premising that a want o^fniitfulness is a serious 

 drawback to some trees otheruise desirable. 



1. Crawford's Early is a freestone early peach, 

 distinguished for its size and rich flavor. It is of a 

 yellow color, and the tree is exceedingly vigorous and 

 prolific. Its fruit always sells at the highest price in 

 market, and is the first to come to maturity. Mr. 

 Barry, in his Fruit Garden, page 335, pronounces 

 this "the most valuable single variety, on account 

 of its great size and beauty, and the vigor and pro- 

 ductiveness of the tree." 



2. Cole's Early Red is of medium size, mostly 

 clouded and mottled with red ; flesh pale, juicy, rich, 

 and dehcious; tree vigorous and an abundant bearer. 

 In favorable localities, ripens by the middle of August 



3. Alberge Yellow (Bernard's Yellotv Rarei'ipe). 

 This is described by Mr. B. as " large, deep yellow, 

 with a dull red cheek; flesh yeUow, juicy, and rich; 

 tree Aigoi'ous, hardy, and productive." 



4. Early York is a well-lcuowTi, popular fruit, of 

 medium size; tree a fair gi'ower and prolific, and one 

 of the best early orchard varieties. 



5. Haines' Early; C. Jacques' Rareripe; 7. Large 

 Early York, are fine early varieties, and deserve cul- 

 tivation. As white peaches are more saleable for 

 presernng than either yellow or red, some attention 

 should be given to this point by the cultivator. 



8. Morris' White is thus described in The Fruit 

 Garden: "Medium size, dull creamy white, tinged 

 mth red in the sun; flesh white to the stone, juicy, 

 and delicious; tree a good bearer; highly prized for 

 preserving, on account of the entire absence of red 

 in the flesh. Ripe middle of September; glands uoi- 

 fomi; flower small." 



9. Royal Kensington. — Several varieties of white- 

 fleshed peaches are cultivated in the vicinity of Roch- 

 ester as the Kensington, and used for preserves. 



10. Snow Peach is a beautiful white fruit, which 

 sells readily for making preserves. (The manufac- 

 ture, sale, and consumption of sweet-meats are increas- 

 ing rapidly.) 



11. Red Cheek Melocoton is an excellent and popu- 

 lar fruit, which is extensively cultivated as an orchard 

 tree, being hardv and a good bearer. 



