48 



THE GENESEE FARMER. 



attacked by disease, rrufessor Boixman is of opinion 

 that there would have been no disease at all, if the 

 sets had been better dried. 



The temperature required to produce the desired 

 result is not vei-y clearly made out. Jlr. Bollman'.s 

 room in -which his first potatoes were dried was 

 heated to about 72°, and much higher. By way of 

 experiment ho placed others in the chamber of the 

 Btove itself, where the thermometer stood at 13G°, 

 and more. He also ascertained that the vitahty of 

 the potato is not atlected, even if the rind is charred. 



In connection with this subject, we would remark 

 that we have several articles of general interest, trans- 

 lated expressly for the Genesee Farmer, from the 

 Journal of the Royal Agronomical Society of St. Pe- 

 tersburgh, which we receive through the kindness of the 

 Russian Minister, M. Bowsco, at Washington. Our 

 arrangements are complete for obtaining eveiy thing 

 of value to our readers in agricultiu'e and horticul- 

 ture that transpires in Prussia, Austria, Italy, France, 

 ajid Great Britain. 



AN AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENT ASSO- 

 CIATION. 



Col. Cartwbight, of Northampton, England, has 

 started a plan for supplying that county with the 

 most improved implements of tillage, husbandry, and 

 agricultural machines of every description needed, 

 which is worthy of consideration in this country. His 

 proposal was to form a company for hiring out im- 

 proved agricultural implements throughout the county. 

 To affect this, there must be depots all over the 

 county, depending upon money raised by the com- 

 pany. The capital to be possessed by the company, 

 to be useful, must not be less that £12,000, which 

 would be best raised, as he had been advised, in 600 

 Bhares of £20 each. As to the arrangement, he put 

 £1000 for each depot. Now, at each depot they 

 must have two threshing machines, costing £400. 

 They must also have machines, which, from the im- 

 provements made and making, he believed would yet 

 be found to act profitably — i. e., reaping machines. 

 Ten of them would be necessary at each depot, and 

 he put them at a cost of £200. There would then 

 be £400 left for providing drills and other machinery 

 necessary for the neighborliood. Now, then, let them 

 Bee what they would get for the £1000 ; in other 

 words, how the company would stand as a commer- 

 cial speculation. A threshing machine would cost 

 £200. rWe suppose that this means threshing ma- 

 chine and portable steam engine.] It ought to be in 

 use 100 days in the year; at 9d. per quarter it would 

 bring in, supposing it threshed 40 quarters a day, 30s. 

 per day, or £150 in the year, lie should take it, 

 however, at only 50 per cent., which he believed might 

 be safely calculated upon for all the machinery. A 

 reaping niacliine, including the latest improvements, 

 would cost £25. Supposing it to be used 20 days 

 only, it was calculated to pay more than 50 per cent. 

 i:. would cut 8 acres a day, which, at 2a an acre, 

 v.ould in 20 days produce £16 for the £25 laid out. 

 And so they would find it with the drills and all the 

 other implements. Well, then, taking 50 per cent. 

 as the raaxinmm, there would be an annual return of 

 £500 at each depot. Then came the question, what 



were they to do with it? He had roughly calculated 

 that they must appropriate £50 for their storehouse, 

 £100 for their engineer and two laborers (exclusive 

 of the money paid to them when eni])]oyed out), a* 

 dividend of 5 per cent, to shareholders would be £50 

 more, making £200; which would leave them £100 

 at each depot to work the company. Another point 

 was, that these things would not only be let out to 

 hire, but that occupiers would have the opportunity 

 of buying implements of the company at a reduced 

 price, after they had seen their etiicieut M'orking, as 

 the discount allowed by the mukei-s would be divided 

 between the company and the retail purchasers. 

 Then came the question of stations. Northampton, 

 he had thought, should be a double station — a kind 

 of central depot, to which £2000 should be apj)io- 

 priated. The remaining stations, at each of which 

 £1000 should be invested, he proposed to make at 

 'WeUingborough, Thrapston, Oundle, Weston-by-Wee- 

 don, Kettering, Towcester, Paventry, Guilsborough 

 (or Hazlebecch), Old Stratford, and Brackley; thui 

 they would be enabled to throw over the whole countj 

 a lai'ge number of implements. He had heard i 

 objected that such a company would fail, becaus* 

 every one would want the same implement on tht '. 

 same day. Tlie answer to that was, that when ai i 

 applicant desired to have an implement, he could b» | 

 su])plied if the implement were at the time disengagec 

 or he could have it in his turn. But, even should h 

 not obtain the implement when he wanted it, its era 

 ployment elsewhere would have the effect of easin; 

 the market, so that he might obtain labor to harves 

 his corn before it was shed. This, then, was th i 

 scheme, though imperfectly sketched; and the Colone 

 proceeded to say that, through having interested hiir 

 self in this business, he had received various commuj 

 uications from talented and practical people. HM 

 was perfectly satisfied that the princijjlc of establisbi 

 ing a company was right, and he v.auted to know wk4| 

 else held the same opinion. He would not ask thew 

 to decide that day. They had now, howevei-, liearf* 

 his statement, and he had caused circulars to be prt || 

 pared, directed to himself, which would be distributei li 

 at the close of the meeting; and if a sufficient nuir i 

 ber of them were returned to him taking a favorabl 

 view of the question, he should have the greates 

 pleasure in calling another meeting to carry out thi 

 ]iroject He believed that all the budgets of all Ih 

 Chancellors jiut together would not help the farmer 

 half so much as good machinery. 



Unfermented Bread. — A patent has recently bee 

 granted in England for a compound mixture desiune 

 to render bread light, without the trouble and los 

 that attend the raising of bread by yeiist, or "salt 

 risings." The following are the ingredients used b; 

 the patentee: Tartaric acid, 120 jtarts, by weight 

 bicarbonate of potiush (saleratus), 144 parts : !oa 

 sugar, pounded, 30 parts; rice, gi'ound fine, 116 pai-ts 

 and East India arrow-i'oot, 30 part'^. The above i 

 a good preparation, but the otlier ingredients thai 

 the tartaric acid and bicarbonate of potash, or sodf 

 may be dispensed with. Mix the acid with the flow 

 and the saleratus or supercarbonate of soda with tb 

 wetting, for making bread. 



