THE GENESEE FARMER. 



15 



" Vv'c would therefore recommend a strict adhe- 

 rence to the following regulations: 



" 1. Provide a conveuiut room, if possible a cellar, 

 from 7^ to 8 feet high, so situated that the air can 

 frec^ly circulate through it when necessary. Let the 

 walls be plastered, the ceiling whitewashed, and the 

 floor flagged or cemented, and allow nothing to be 

 stored in the room but the pans, milk, and appurte- 

 nances used in the manufacture. The room should 

 be kept scrujiulously clean and cool 



" 2. Provide a good supply of pang — from ten to a 

 dozen to each cow is necessary — in order to vary the 

 quantity of milk on hand according to the weather. 



" 3. J3e regular in the time of examining the milk, 

 which should be done twice in twenty-four hours, that 

 the cream liuiy be taken oil" as soon as the milk is 

 soured or clouded in the bottom of the pan, and 

 stored in stone jars. 



" 4. Churning should be performed every day, when 

 a sufficient quantity of cream can be obtained ; and 

 this operation should take place in the morning, when 

 the air is pure and cool 



" 5. The butter should be cleared from milk by the 

 rinsing process,* continued until it is jwrfectly clear, 

 as it is necessary that all the milk should be out be- 

 fore it is salted. The grain is formed after salting, 

 consequently the butter should be worked no more 

 than is necessary to bring it to an even shade or color, 

 after the salt is added. 



" G. One ounce of good rock salt to the pound is 

 sufp.cient to produce a good flavor and to preserve 

 the butter. 



'■ 7. Every package should be soaked in strong 

 brine at least two days before using. 



" 8. Cover the butter vrith a cloth tucked in around 

 the edge of the package, and spread damp salt over 

 the top. 



" 9. If all these precautions do not produce good 

 palatable butter, rightly salted, of fine flavor, and fit 

 for any market, you may lay the fault to your cows 

 and piisture. 



" In deciding upon the classification of premiums 

 on butter, we were not entirely guided by the samples 

 examined, but allowed our opinion to be somewhat 

 swayed by the taste, neatness and cleanliness exhibited 

 in the maimfacture. 



" We found no butter not salted enough, but some 

 BO highly impregnated as to be gritty to the touch, 

 and unpleasant to the taste. 



" We are also satisfied that there is abundant 

 margin for improvement in the butter dairies of this 

 county. The competition was so slight that the most 

 we had to do was to classify the applicants." 



TRANSACTIONS OF THE N. Y. STATE 

 AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY FOR 1852. 



The Secretary of the New Tork State Agi'icul- 

 tural Society, B. P. Johnson, Esq., has our thanks 

 for a copy of the above-named work. It is a hand- 

 some volume of 890 pages, octavo, and improved by 

 being smaller than its immediate predecessors. It 

 contains a good deal of valuable matter, which ought 



• Where well or spring water contains much lime, iron, alum or 

 magnesia, it should never be used to rinse or wash butter. Pure 

 toft water is alone adapted to this purpose. — Ed. Gen. Farmkk. 



to have been given to the farmers of the State in the 

 early part of last year instead of the present. As 

 the Legislature is at the expense of the publication, 

 it would cost the Treasury no more to print the 

 Transactions for 18.52 in a month or so after the close 

 of the year, than to wait until the information the 

 volume communicates has become stale, and much 

 like the reading of an old almanac. Probably the 

 officers of the Society are not to blame for this un- 

 reasonable and injurious delay; and we bear willing 

 testimony in favor of the matter furnished by Presi- 

 dent IIk.vry Wager, Secretary Joiixsox, and in 

 the Agricultural Survey of Essex County, by W. C. 

 Watsox, Esq. — not to name other valuable papers in 

 the volume before us. It would not detract from the 

 use of any of these, if the writers had studied and 

 practiced condensation more. The twelve volumes 

 published under the auspices of the State Society 

 would have conferred far gi-eater honor upon the in- 

 stitution, and the rural literature of New York, if 

 their facts, and the legitimate deductions therefrom, 

 were compressed into one-third the space, and with 

 the same expenditure, give to the public three times 

 as many copies. To say nothing of sending the 

 Transactions into other States and to foreign coun- 

 tries in exchange, only one farmer in a hundred in 

 New York is now able to have a copy, because so 

 few are printed. It has always appeared to us that 

 the State and County Societies of this old and 

 wealthy State, with the constant assistance of the 

 Legislature, ought to produce an annual volume that 

 would be sought after and placed in every common 

 school library in this great commonwealth, and in al- 

 most every farmer's professional library in the United 

 States. The whole number printed, if we are rightly 

 informed, would barely supply one-third of the com- 

 mon schools in this State alone with a copy. Ah 

 edition of four or five thousand is expected to meet 

 the wants of a half million farmers and their families! 

 Better expend fen times more in procuring original 

 and really useful information to print, and thereby 

 produce a work that the public will purchase at a fair 

 price. Because public documents are given away in 

 this country, very httle pains are taken to exclude 

 ii-icvelant or worthless matter from them, apparently 

 under the common notion that " no body looks a gift 

 horse in the mouth." While Congress was willing to 

 print, and did print, five hundred and forty thousand 

 volumes of the agricultural books prepared by the 

 writer, it was unwilling to expend $200 asked to ob- 

 tain important truths, and add intrinsic value to these 

 public documents. Party favorites, in the shape of 

 public printers, at AVasliington and Albany, care not 

 a straw whether a Patent OtHce Eeport, or the Trans- 

 actions of the New York State Agricultural Society, 

 contain useful or useless information. Their toll for 

 grinding a party grist is the same in either case ; 

 while members of Congress, and of the Legislature, 

 take good care of their pet printers and do nothing 

 more. 



These things disgrace the farmers of the republic, 

 whose votes control their public servants. Nothing 

 can be easier than to reform this shameful neglect 

 of duty, if the agi-icultural interest would wag its 

 tongue in defense of its own well-being. It may be 

 said that the public really has nothing at stake in the 



