ORCHARD CULTURE. 



31 



1 he're— quite na well as in France or Belgium, as 



as we know of its being tested. The Pomologi- 



Sooiety has not recomniendetl it in any way, while 



„. f have plaeed on their lists other varieties of in- 



iparably less value. For a few years past, how- 



r, it has been pretty well disseminated by the nur- 



ei es, and we shall very soon have some results from 



jrent parts of the country. We think it a fruit 



uliarly adapted to the South; for it seems to en- 



e dry ajid warm weather exceedingly well here, 



'W her shedding its leaves or fruit prematurely; and 



>iu a it would keep up a supply for the table for 



iths after the autumn pears are gone, even if it 



■e not to keep till April or May, as it does here in 



KASTER BEUBRE PEAR. 



North. We must say, however, that according to 

 r e.xperience, it is larger, of finer quality, and ri- 

 ns better, when grown on the quince than on the 

 ar stock; and this is the case in Europe, too. On 

 3 pear stock the fruits seem not to receive a suffi- 

 ntly Uberal supply of nutriment to bring them up 

 the most perfect state; they are comparatively 

 all, with large, gritty core, and instead of ripen- 

 r off freely, and becoming buttery and melting, 

 iny of them shrivel and dry up, as pears do that 

 ve been prematurely gathered. The Duchcssc 

 Angouleme is similar, to some extent; it is, accord- 

 g to our opinion, infinitely superior to the quince, 

 ''e therefore recommend its culture on the quince 

 ock, and that, whether for market or for private 

 ie. The tree ia a good grower, moderate at first. 



but improving every year, and finally makes a large, 

 vigorous tree on the quince; and if kept under high 

 culture, it will produce annually very heavy crops. 

 It has all the characteristics of a profitable variety. 



Fruit — very large, roundish-obovate, often inclining 

 to oval. 



Stalk — rather short, stout, aud deeply inserted. 

 Caly.x — closed, slightly sunk in an irregular, plaited 

 cavity. 



Skin — greenish-yellow, becoming quite j'cllow in 

 good specimens, with numerous brown dot.s, and a 

 brownish red cheek when exposed freely to the sun. 

 Flesh-melting, juicy, with a sprightly, vinous flavor. 

 Tree — vigorous and erect, with bright reddish- 

 brown shoots, sprinkled with russet dots. 

 Leaves — large and folded. 

 The wood of yearling shoots usually shows 

 prominent buds or spurs on the lower part.s the 

 first season, and have a forked appearance by 

 making a second growth, as the Beurre d'Arenv- 

 berg and some others do. — Horticulturist. 



ORCHARD CTLnmE, 



The following report by Prof. North, of 

 Hariiilton College, on the management of or- 

 chards, read before the Oneida County Agricul- 

 tural Society, we copy from the Country Gen- 

 tleman : — 



" The first premium of $15, they award to 

 Jonathan Talcott, of Rome, whose orchard 

 contains SS.*) thrifty trees, most of which have 

 already fniited. The largest of them were 

 planted in 1849, and will now measure sixteen 

 inches in girth. 



"The land on which Mr. Talcott's orchard 

 is, is mostly a sandy or gravelly loam with a 

 clayey subsoil. Previous to planting, it was 

 plowed in back furrows, and the holes were dug 

 along the ridge.?, thirty feet apart, three feet in 

 witith, and eighteen inches deep. In each hole 

 was put a large wheel-barrow load of com- 

 post, made of stable-manure, lime, ashes and 

 muck, under cover the year before. In plant- 

 ing the trees, surface soil was placed about the 

 roots. The orchard ground has been cultivated 

 to hoed crops. Once a year the trees have been 

 pruned, and washed with strong soap-suds, a woolen 

 cloth being used for this purpose. This washing has 

 given the stems a clean, healthy look, and has tended 

 to keep away the ini5ects<. At the approach of win- 

 ter the soil has been heaped up about a foot around 

 the trees. This has kept away the mice. 



"In Mr. Tat.cott's collection, the Ribston Pippin 

 fruited the first year after planting. This tree is a 

 prolific bearer, and promises to be equal to the Bald- 

 win and the Swaar. Among the varieties that 

 fruited the second or third year, were the Jonathan, 

 Early Harvest, Rhode Island Greening, Fall 

 Orange. Hawle;/, Golden Su-eet, Ladies' Sweeting, 

 Peck's Pleasant, Yello7i< Belljlower. 



"The second premium of $10, is awarded to 

 MoKnis Case, whose orchard stands in'ur Washing- 

 ton Milb, in the town of New llavford. During 



