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PRUNING— FRUIT, &(:. 



jthers on spurs which grow from the old wood, and 

 others on the young wood of the present year's 

 growth; these points require attention by the opera- 

 tor, to enable him to perform the operation aright. 



Apple, pear, plum and cherry trees bear priuripally 

 on spurs which grow or arise out of the wood of two 

 or three years' growth. These branches with spurs 

 continue to bear for several years. 



In pruning these trees, due regard should be paid 

 to the production of these spur branches, by short- 

 ening the young wood on the main branches; the 

 main branches should be regulated as to distance 

 from each other, so as to give the tree a uniform ap- 

 pearance, and to keep it open for the admission of 

 the sun and air. 



Peaches, nectarines, and apricots, produce Heir 

 fruit on the young wood of the previous years' 

 growth; in pruning them, care will be necessary to 

 retain the strongest and clearest wood of the previ- 

 ous year's growth, cutting out the weak shoots, and 

 such as grow in a direction in which they are not 

 needed, being careful to keep the tree open. 



Vines bear on the young shoots of the same sea- 

 son. In pruning these, all weak shoots should be 

 taken out, retaining only the strongest rods or canes; 

 these should be shortened according to their strength; 

 the object to be aimed at, is to retain only such a 

 quantity of buds as will break strong. Care will be 

 necessary so as not to retain more rods than the space 

 occupied by the vine will allow of, and placing them 

 in such positions as will allow free circulation of the 

 air, and freely admit the rays of the sun. 



Gooseberry bushes bear on the young shoots of 

 the previous season's gi-owth. In pruning them cut 

 out all cross shoots, retaining only the strong, straight 

 shoots of the previous year's growth: of these retain 

 only the best and most ripened wood. Gooseberry 

 bushes cannot be left too open; if you allow the 

 branches to get crowded, you cannot e.xpoct fine fruit; 

 air must be admitted freely among the branches to 

 obtain good fruit The black currant also bears on 

 the young wood, and should be pruned in a similar 

 manner to the gooseberry. The red and white cur- 

 rant produce their fruit on spurs of old wood; in 

 pruning them care will be necessary to form an open 

 bush, with the bearing branches, which should be 

 stoped to induce them to sour, and all the other 

 young wood should be cut back to two or three eyes, 

 being careful to keep the bush open. 



In pruning, it is necessary to cut clean and smooth 

 with a sharp knife, ami all young shoots that come 

 where they are not needed, should be cut clean out 

 close to the main stem, so as to leave no eyes to fill 

 the tree with useless wood. 



In giving directions for pruning, it is impossible to 

 ^ve directions which branch should be taken out, 

 and which left in; only the principles of the system 

 can be given in writing; the relative position of the 

 branches can only be determined by actual observa- 

 tion; the operator, if he understands the principles 

 and nature of the tree, will be able to determine on 

 this point. The above remarks will give him the re- 

 quisite information on the principles that should guide 

 dim in the operation. 



Fruit. — We have on our table apples from the 

 ehards of Messrs. Wesley and Davis Shannon, 

 the Howell Prairie, (in this county,) Oregon. 



The large Yelloiv Bovgh of Luelijng's select! 

 "as big as two fists," is a splendid specimen of Ore| 

 fruit culture ; also, the Golden Sweet, and the S: 

 mer Qi/ctn, of the same selection, both ripe, an 

 fine flavored apple. 



The Early Harvest, of Lad's selection, is a sp 

 did eating apple. 



The orchards of the Messrs. Shannon comp 

 three hundred trees each, and have mostly been pi 

 ed three years. They have this year some fifti 

 si.xty bushels of apples, grown in each orchard, it 

 ing the first bearing year. However, some few ti 

 bore last year, being but two years old. In twc 

 three years the produce of these orchards will 

 doubtedly be worth more than the full crops of tl 

 farms beside. 



This is a great encouragement to fanners in ( 

 gon to plant fruit trees. There is no country wl 

 can equal Oregon in producing Apples, Pears, 

 all cultivated fruits of the temperate climate, ^ 

 the exception, perhaps, of peaches, which do 

 seem to be as healthy and successful as other v£ 

 ties. — Statesman. 



Villainy vs. Villainy. — The New York pa'. 

 tell of a dodge to raise the wind in that city ■ 

 does credit to the sharpers whose wits got it 

 There are three gentlemen engaged in this enterp 

 and we are told they have collected some thousi 

 of dollars during the past few weeks. Their plai 

 operation is : Two of them dressed as laborers 

 a grocery store, buy a pound of some cheap art 

 take it off to a corner and weigh it with a stan< 

 scale which they carry with them. If it fulls s i 

 of the full and correct weight, (which it does in 

 cases out of ten,) they kick up a grand breeze ' 

 the grocer, threaten prosecution, and finally, thro 

 the intervention of a gentleman (the other parti 

 who steps in just at the nick of time the troubl 

 compnomised by the payment of an X or a V by 

 grocer to settle the matter. In one instance, 

 was paid to hush up one of these cases; the ar 

 bought was sugar, and the pound only weighed 1 

 teen ounces. 



Plant your Plum trees near water and inclii 

 so as to hang over the water, so that you can ga 

 the plums in a boat. I have a hundred of tl 

 growing on my farm in that way, around an artifi 

 lake, and not a plum has dropped from them, 

 curculio has here and there made its segment i 

 circle on the skin, and then thought better of it, 

 it left no egg in the incision, observing no doubt ■ 

 when the plum fell it would be into the water, an 

 drown the progeny. Our plums generally did 

 on all soils south of the Highlands, twenty y 

 ago. R. T. Underiiill, in Trans. Am. Ins., ISl 



A Winter Uake. — Take half a cup of bui 

 two of sugar, three of flour, and one of thick, ( 

 cream, (instead of eggs) get it ready for the ove 

 the usual way, then sprinkle and stir in a teaspoo 

 of soda, bake it slow. 



