146 



MANAGEMENT OP THE DAIRY. 



other kinds of churn in comparison with this, and 

 the result has been uniformly favorable to this pat- 

 tern. 



When the butter has come, the buttermilk is drawn 

 ofi; and the butler, after being thoroughly worked, is 

 salted with from one-half to three-fourths of an ounce 

 of salt to the pound. It is now set away for twenty- 

 four hours, when it is again worked over thoroughly, 

 and made into pound lumps with wooden "spatters." 

 After standing another twenty-four hours it is sent 

 into market. 



In " ivorking" butter we use a table over which 

 a fluted roller is made to pass, rolling out butter into 

 a thin sheet, and completely and entirely depriving it 

 of buttermilk. 



From many years' experience, the observation is 

 warranted that by no other process of manufacture 

 can the buttermilk be so completely extracted. I 

 am aware of the truth of the objection made that 

 the shrinkage occasioned by its use is too great, yet 

 there is, in fact a difference in the worth of the but- 

 ter made upon it, over that manufactured in the ordi- 

 nary way, quite equal to the loss in weight occasioned 

 by it. 



As has been stated, my stock was divided at the 

 beginning of the trial, into two lots of six each. The 

 account of the product of butter is given according 

 to this arrangement. 



The entries for the premiums at your disposal, as 

 made by me on the 23d day of April last, were one 

 dairy of six cows and heifers, six in number, and a 

 dairy of eleven in number. 



Such a division of my stock was not deemed im- 

 proper in view of their time of calving and their age. 



The dairy of cows consists of 



Flora McDonald, a fuU blood Ayrshire, from the slock of Mr. 

 Kandall, of New Bedford, 6 years old. 

 Wilcox, half Ayrshire, by McGregor, 5 years old. 

 Shrewsbury, called native, believed to be Durham, 11 years old. 

 Cherry, Devon, 6 years old. 

 Lexington, Ayrshire, bred liy Mr. Phinney, of Lexington, 9 years 



Springfield, native, from Vermont, 10ye.irs old. 



Flora calved May 20th, and was served July 29. 



Wilcox " April I7th, " " June 6. 



Shrewsbury " Feb. 26th, " " July 2. 



Cherry | " May 2d, " " June 30. 



Lexington " .Ian. 28th, " " July 18. 



Springfleld " May 2d, " " June 10. 



It will be seen that the trial commenced with three 

 pf the six cows giving milk. The periods of churn- 

 ing, and the quantity of butter made at each time, 

 is stated below: 



Churned. Ibg. oz. 



May 1 19 2 



" 8 20 3 



" 15 32 5 



" 22 39 13 



" 29 44 9 166 



June 1 25 7 



" S 66 



" 12 32 W-i 



" 15 _. 24 9'i 



" 19... 29 9 



" 22... 21 13 



" 26 _ 28 7 



" 29 21 8 240 4 



July 3 27 15 



" 7 18 11 



" 10 24 2 



" 13 _ 16 8 



" 17 22 7 



" 20 16 8 



'• 24 18 5 



" 27 _ 14 7 



" 31 18 14'i 176 13>i 



Aug. 3 13 8 



Aug. 7 17 



" 10. ._ ._ 17 5 



" 14 25 8 



" 17 18 n 



" 21... 23 5 



" 26 14 9 



" 2S 17 9 



Sept. 4 36 7 



" 11 34 9 



-134 2 



8.i4 SJi 



It will be seen that thrpe of the cows have been 

 milked 5 months, two 4 months and 17 days, and one 

 4 months and 2 days. In all there has been an aver- 

 age period of milking of 4 months and 21 days, and 

 an average daily amount of little over a pound of 

 butter to each cow, for the whole period of entire 

 milking. The greatest amount in any one week was 

 37 pounds, 8 ounce.- — or an average yield of 9 pounds, 

 9 J ounces per cow for the week. This upon pasture 

 feed alone. 



The lot of young cows and heifers consists of 



Lexington, 5 years old, thorough-bred Ayrshire, bred by Mr. 

 PiKN.VEV, of Lexington. 



Princess, 3 years old, with her first calf, a half-blood Ayrshire 

 and half Devon. 



Cora, 5 years old, three- fourths Ayrshire, and one-fourlb Durham. 

 Red-Bird, 4 years old, one-h.alf Devon and one- half Ayrshire. 

 Flirt, 5 years old, one-half Ayrshire by McGregor. 

 Beauty, 2 years old, three-fourlhs Ayrshire. 



Lexington calved Feb. 4, and was served March 15. 



Princess " March 25, " " June 10. 



Cora " May 2. " " June 5. 



Red Bird " June 19, " " Aug. 14. 



Flirt " June 26, " " July 18. 



Beauty " Aug. 2, " *' Sept. 1. 



In this case the trial commenced with but two an- 

 imals giving milk. The periods of churning and the 

 product of butter of each churning is given below. 



churned. lbs. oz. 



May 1.. 8 6 



" 8 9 4'i 



" 15.... 12 12 



" 22 18 13 



" 29 ..2111 70 12>i 



June 6 ...26 13 



" 12 19 15 



" 15 9 11 



" 19 13 1 



" 22 12 4 



" 26 16 3 



" 29 13 12 11111 



July 3 ..21 12M 



" 6 15 14 



" 10| 19 7 



« 13 14 1 



" 17 -.18 n 



" 20 12 12 



" 24 ..16 5 



" 27 13 1 



« 31 16 13 148 12K 



Aug. 3 12 8 



" 7 ...18 



" 10 16 10 



"14 22 3 



" 17 16 14 



" 21 19 15 



" 24 11 7 



" 28 15 14 131 T 



Sept. 4 31 6 



" 11 _ 27 8 



" 18 27 11 



« 23 28 7 114 15 



677 12 



Of this lot two animals have given milk the whole 

 period; one 4 months and 17 days; one 3 months 

 and 2 days; one 2 months and 26 days; and one 1 

 month and 17 days ; making an average period of 3 

 months and 20J days, and an average daily yield 

 of lbs. ,14 10-12 oz. butter to each cow for the 

 above period. The greatest amount of butter in any 



