POINTS OP EXCELLENCE IN CATTLE. 



235 



tal boue over the eyes somewhat dishing; the face 

 jtraiglit; the muzzle fine; the nostrils open; the lips 

 thin and rather flat. 



•i. The yuse — of a light, delicate orange-color. 



4. The Eye — should be bright, prominent, and 

 ;lear, but mild and gentle in its expression, as indi- 

 ;ative of that .spirited but tractable disposition so 

 lecessary to cattle that must bear the yoke; a beau- 

 iful orange-colored ring shoidd invariably surround 

 ie eye. 



2. The Ear — thin, of a rich orange-color within, 

 if medium size, with a quick and ready movement, 

 ixpressive of attention. 



2. The Horns — light, tapering, of a waxy color 

 .oward the extremity, and gaily as well as symmetri- 

 ally placed on he head; the occipital bone narrow, 

 hus bringing the base of the horns nearer together. 



2. The JVeck — of medium length, somewhat light 

 a substance, very clean and well set up on the 

 houlder. 



li. The Chest — deep and round, carrying its full- 

 ess Well back of the elbows, thus affording by the 

 id of a springing rib abundant internal room for the 

 clion of thoracic viscera, the heart and lungs, and 

 jjjat, too, without an extreme width forward and be- 

 iveen the paints of the shoulders, which might in- 

 jrfere with the action of the animal. 



4. The Brisket — it being assumed that it adds 

 othing to the internal capacity of the chest, must 

 ot overload tlie breast, but be sufficiently developed 

 ) guarantee a feeding property, attended with a full 

 ropjrtion of fatty secretion. 



4. The Shoulder — is, in this breed, a very beauti- 

 d and important point, and should, iu a degree, ap- 

 ro.ximate in form to that of the horse. It should 

 ike a more sloping position than is found in most 

 ther breeds, with its points less projecting and an- 

 ular, and the blade bone more curved, thus blending 



ith and forming a fine wither, rising a little above 

 16 level hue of the back. 



3. The Crops — full and even, forming a true line 

 ith the somewhat rising shoulder and level back, 

 'ithout either drop or hollow. 



9. Back, Loin, and Hips — broad and wide, Tun- 

 ing on a level with the setting on of the tail. 



5. The Rumps — lying broad apart, high and well- 

 overed. 



2. The Pelvis— mde. 



3. The Twist— Ml and broad. 



6. The Q^narters — long and thoroughly filled up 

 etween the hooks of hip bones and the rumps, with 



a good muscular development down the thigh to the 

 hocks. 



3. The Flank — moderately deep, full and mellow 

 in proportion to condition. 



5. The Legs — not too short, and standing as 

 square and straight behind aa may be compatible 

 with activity; the bone quite small below the hock 

 and knee; the sinews large and clean, with the fore- 

 arm well-developed. 



2. The Carcass — round and straight, its posterior 

 ribs almost circular, extending well back, and spring- 

 ing nearly horizontally from the vertebra, giving, in 

 fact, much greater capacity than would at first ap- 

 pear. 



1. The Tail — at its junction level with the back; 

 long, very slender at its cord, and finishing with a 

 tassel of white hair. 



1. The Color — in its shades and degrees is more 

 or less governed by fashion ; but in Devon is always 

 red. Formerly a rich blood red was the favorite color, 

 and a test of purity ; and now a somewhat lighter 

 color is in vogue, approaching rather nearer to 

 that of the South Devon, which is a larger, coarser, 

 stronger animal. In all cases the color grows 

 lighter round the muzzle, while a dark mahogany 

 color, verging almost to a black, and growing yet 

 darker about the head, always was a very questiona- 

 ble color for a true North Devon ; more especially 

 when accompanied by a dark nose. 



1. The Hair — should be short, thitk, and fine; 

 and if showing on its surface a fine curl or ripple, it 

 looks richer in color, and is supposed to indicate a 

 hardier and more thrifty animal. 



1. The Udder — should be such as will afford the 

 best promise of capacity and product. 



3. Carriage. — The Devons having, from their ex- 

 cellence in the yoke, another destiny besides that of 

 the butcher's block, it is all-in.portant that the ani- 

 mal's carriage should indicate as much; but to ob- 

 tain this, something of the heavy, inert, squarely- 

 moulded frame of the merely beefing animal must be 

 relinquished for a lighter and more active frame. 



Herffords. — Purity of Blood — as traced back 

 to the satisfaction of the committee to imported 

 blood on both sides from some known English breed- 

 er, or as found in Eyton's Hereford Herd Book. 



3. The Head — moderately small, with a good 

 width of forehead, tapering to the muzzle; the cheek 

 bone rather deep, but clean in the jaw. 



2. The JVose — light in its color, and the whole 

 head free from fleshiness. 



