THE GENESEE FARMER. 



43 



aniting with the carbon and hydrogen of the ma- 

 nure, forming carbonic acid and water — a given 

 quantity of carbon and hydrogen giving out just as 

 much heat as though burned in a stove. This nas- 

 cent carbonic acid has a beneficial effect on many 

 of the ingredients of the manure, rendering them 

 more soluble. 

 The principal object in preserving manures, 



hould be to let the heap terment slowly — not so 

 rapidly ;as to drive ■off" the ammon-ia. To accom- 

 plish this, the hog and cow manure, which ferment 

 with difficulty, should be mixed with th^e horse and 



heep raamire, which have, when unmixed in a 



oose heap, a tendency to enter into rapid and in- 

 jurious fermentation. The heap, too, should be 

 sept compact, by allowing sheep, hogs and cattle 

 X) trample it. It must also be kept moist, but not 

 x)0 wet To provide the necessary moisture at all 

 ^imes, it is of great advantage to have a good lank 



or the drainage. The Hquid in the tank should be 

 cept saturated with plaster (sulphate of lime), 

 vhich, when in solution, will convert the volatile 

 carbonate of ammonia into the fixed salt, sulphate 

 )f ammonia, and thus .prevent loss. This effect 

 n'HI be produced not only in the tank, but, wheti 



he sulphated liquid is pumped on to the heap, the 

 iarbonate of ammonia in the heap also will be con- 

 tert-ed into a sulphate, and retained. 



On every farm there is much refuse matter, 

 which, wh«n decomfK)sed, will not only make a 

 »ood manure, but vrill also help to absorb the liquid 

 which would otherwise drain off" and be lost. 

 Every thing of this kind should be added to the 



BBIRtimG SEED WHEAT FROM THE SOUTK. 



aging. But in this case, it is necessary to bring 

 the wheat every year from the South. Its early 

 ripening is not owing to any inherent quality in 

 the variety, birt rather to the fact that all wheat 

 ripens earlier at the South ; and when it is brought 

 North, it retains this quality the first season — or, 

 rather, it has a tendency to ripen at the same pe- 

 riod as it did where it was grown. Mr. "Wobthino 

 TON,- of Maryland, the able editor of the American 

 Farmer^ informs us that he has been in the habit 

 of bringing seed wheat from the more southern 

 States for some years, and he finds that it matures 

 earlier.. The only danger to be apprehended is 

 that it may not be quite as hardy, and the severe 

 winters at the North might be more likely to injure 

 it. But we have heard of no complaints on this 

 point. 



Many persons doubt whether wheat brought 

 from the South would ripen earlier, or even as 

 early, as that grown farther north, and point to 

 the fact that corn brought from the South-west 

 does not ripen as eai'ly as that grown here. Again, 

 corn brought from the North — from Vermont or 

 Canada East — ripens earlier here, for one or two 

 seasons, than when we plant that which has been 

 raised here for some years, though of the same va- 

 riety. Again, it is said that corn raised on high 

 hills will ripen earlier when planted in the valleys, 

 than that raised in the valleys. 



These facts do not militate against the idea that 

 wheat brought from the South will ripen earlier. 

 It is true corn brought from the South ripens later. 

 But corn does not ripen as early in the South as at 

 the North, while wheat ripens much earlier. So 

 that if the seed retains a tendency to ripen at the 

 same time as it did where grown, the corn, when 

 planted at the North, should ripen later than tho 

 same variety grown here, while the wheat should 

 ripen earlier. Corn at the North does not produce 

 as much stalk as farther south, and it matures 

 earlier, and when it is brought South it retains, 

 more or less of this character for some years. 



The principle is the same in all these cases. It 

 is further illustrated by the effect of planting, in 

 England, sun-flower seed grown in this country. 

 The sun-flower matures its seed earlier and better 

 in the dry, hot climate of America, than under the 

 weeping skies of the British Isles ; and when sun- 

 flower seed grown here is planted in England, more 

 and better seed is obtained the first season. Oa 

 the other hand,' "Windsor beans succeed better in 

 England than in this country; and when we plant 

 se«d raised there we can frequently obtain a fair 

 crop, but if we plant seed grown here it usiially 



