THE GENESEE FARMER. 



53 



The Baldwin never fails to fruit well, wlien any 

 tliing else bears. Of the one thousand trees, would 

 have nine hundred and ninety-nine Baldwins^ and 

 the other one a — Baldwin ! 



Mr. Fish would have at least ten varieties. 



W. B. Sahth, of Onondaga, would have all Bald- 

 wim, because it is the greates-t bearer, produces 

 most fruit in a given time, and the trees are uni- 

 formly healthy and vigorous. 



Prof. OoppocK. — In the country, would have the 

 Baldwin and Greening; living near the city, he 

 wanted early apples — the Kesicick Codlin, Early 

 Htortest^ as well as the Red Astrachan. 



ilr. Babey. — From Baldwins the most profit is 

 made, generally speaking ; but an orchard is a great 

 investment — an investment (if well made) for two 

 life times — and it is better to have trees not bear 

 quite as early, than to have them wear out so early. 

 Would have five sorts, at least. 



H. IST. Langwoetht, of Monroe. — It woiUd not 

 appear well for this Society to recommend only 

 one or two sorts — the taste of purchasers would 

 get cloyed. "Would have ten or twelve varieties. 



Quite a discussion sprung up as to the merits and 

 value of the Northern Spy — some not thinking 

 v«ry highly of it, and others remarking: "I do 

 say and repeat, that the Northern Spy is the finest 

 apple that ever was grown, to my taste. Have 

 seen crops sent from here to every part of the 

 Union, and lauded to the skies. As to its delicacy 

 of skin, ten barrels were carried to Milwaukee 

 from "Western New York last winter, and arrived 

 in fine condition." "If the tops of the tree are 

 spread by proper trimming, and the fruit is thinned 

 so the tree will not bear too heavily, the fruit is 

 of enormous size, high colored, and very fine. The 

 tree will bear every year." 



Members balloted on questions 1 and 2 as follows : 

 Two voted for all Baldwins; five voted for five hun- 

 dred Baldwins^ and balance made up of R. I. Gi-een- 

 in-gs, Roxitiry Russets, Northern Spies, Twenty 

 Ounce, and Tolman Sweet; while the remaining 

 votes were from two hundred to four hundred 

 Baldwins; each voter making his number up to 

 eight hundred or nine hundred from the above- 

 mentioned varieties, and filling in the balance of 

 the thousand with some pai'ticular favorites of the 



I voter. 

 EVENING SESSION. 



CULTIVATION OF PEARS. 



3. — After remarks by some half dozen 

 jr more members, it was found that no diflerence 

 ^f opinion existed, and, at present. Autumn Pears 

 jvero most profitable. 



Question 4 was not balloted upon, as in the 

 ''Ppresent state of our knowledge we cannot be very 

 [positive. Remarks by members were very inter- 



esting ; but we are compelled to pass by many of 



them, for want of space. 



Prof. CoppooK, nine years ago, put out several 

 hundred trees, part on quince, and part standards. 

 From them had marketed quite a quantity of pears, 

 and they were all from the dwarfs — not any sur- 

 plus from the standards. Many sorts that are finest 

 on quince roots — for instance, Duchesse d'Angou- 

 leme — are worthless as standards. 



One member realized from one hundred and sixty 

 dwarf trees, two hundred and sixty-two dollars 

 cash in one year. 



Statements were made of the profits in Ontario 

 County from standard Virgalieus, &c. — trees forty 

 years old — for twenty years, averaging twenty 

 bushels a year, which sold at an average of three 

 dollars per bushel. 



Mr. Baebt advised, for dwarf trees, JDuehesse 

 d^Angouleme, Louise Bonne de Jersey, Vicar of 

 Whikfield, and Easter Beurre ; for standards, Bart- 

 lett, Sheldon, SecJcel and Lawrence. It is important 

 to start right, with land well prepared, and with 

 but few varieties, and be sure that those are of 

 healthy, vigorous, good-bearing trees. 



CULTIVATION OF APPLES AND PEAE8. 



Questi&n 5. — Fall planting was strongly advo- 

 cated by some, because the earth gets settled around 

 the roots, and the trees are ready to throw out new 

 roots early in the spring ; but trees can be safely 

 transplanted at any time, when frost will permit, 

 between October and May, if the soil be properly 

 prepared beforehand, and the trees be suitably cared 

 for afterward. All trees are better for banking up 

 around them, when set out in the fall. In spring, 

 there is danger from drouth. But far more depends 

 upon the treatment of the trees at and after the 

 time of planting, than upon the season when they 

 are set out. All trees, and, in fact, aU plants, should 

 be heavily pruned back when set out, so that there 

 shall be no disproportion between the top and the 

 roots. 



Question 6. — The soil should be well drained ; 

 should be deeply and well cultivated; and then 

 even a stifl!' clay loam would produce good pear 

 trees and pears. 



SECOND DAY. 

 CULTIVATION OF GEAPES. 



The suspension of the rules was moved, in order 

 that the following substitute for questions 13, 14 

 and 15 might be introduced : 



" Grapes. — What are the best and most profitable va- 

 rieties, or variety, for general cultivatiou for market and 

 wine? best distances Tor planting? preparation of soil, 

 and manner of training, trimming, and cultivating ? kind 

 and form of trellis? curing and marketing the fruit, and 

 profit per acre to the successful grower for market and for 

 wine? 



This subject covers great ground, and was quite 

 fully discussed. Any well-drained land that will 



