THE GENESEE FARMER. 



^ 



erhaps none so good) than one or two-year-old 

 ants, grown from single eyes. Their roots all 

 me from one base, and can be more readily spread 

 it and nicely planted at one depth, and in less 

 :ne, than those grown from layers or cuttings, 

 hose roots issue all the way up the stem. And 

 !iey would seem preferable, too, from their whole 

 rce and energy being concentrated in one bud 

 om the beginning, to those whose substance is 

 vided among several, as in cuttings from the 

 irsory-bed. But as the native varieties are more 

 mmonly propagated by cuttings or layers, it may 

 ) difficnt to get them from eyes ; and in that case 

 e former will require a little more care in prun- 

 g and planting, and may ultimately be just as 

 od. Before planting, the vines must all be care- 

 Uy examined; and if there be any mutilated 

 ots, they must be carefully cut away with a sharp 

 life, and trimmed and pruned back to the lowest 

 od, plump, round bud above their 'W^;i|5e?' roots ; 

 d those from eyes, to about eight inches above 

 oir root^. While this is being done, care must 

 taken that the roots xre kept moist, by shading 

 th wet cloths and straw, and watering, &c ; for 

 allowed to dry and shrivel, they will start un- 

 enly, and some of them may die altogether ; but 

 carefully managed, there is no occasion to lose 

 e of them. When ready for planting, prepare, 

 th a spade, all the holes first — if for plants from 

 rera or cuttings, about a foot square and a foot 

 ep ; and if for those from single eyes, a foot 

 uare and eight inches deep. Make the holes 

 imre up to the stake, so that the plant may stand 

 ;ht in front of it. Lay the soil out of the hole on 

 e side of it, and on the other side about two 

 ovelfuls of nice earth, as recommended for plant- 

 ^ cuttings in. When all is ready for planting, 

 ke a few plants at a time, to be exposed to the 

 n and wind, and begin at one corner and plant 

 le whole row first, and then another, to avoid 

 ampling as much as possible. Put about two 

 ches of the compost into the bottom of the hole ; 

 read it level, and set in the plant ; spread its 

 ots out in their natural position, as near as may 

 » ; then fill in the rest of the compost, pressing 

 id shaking it beneath and between the roots as 

 uch as possible ; then fill the hole up level, leav- 

 g one bud just above the surface. When planted, 

 ve one good watering ; and shade as advised for 

 ittings, if hot, dry weather. 



Fig. 8. 



Fig. 8 represents a plant grown from a single 

 '^e, with the roots all at its base ; and fig. 9 a plant 

 own from a cutting or layer, with its roots all up 

 e stem. 



The marking-stakes should be left in their places 

 le first year, as a guide and protection to the 



young and tender vine ; for the buds are so brittle 

 when first starting to grow, that the least touch 

 may break them oS. 



Fig. 9. 



All that remains to be done, is to keep all kinds 

 of animals out of the vineyard, and to avoid tramp- 

 ling and walking about as much as possible. Let 

 the ground be stirred two or three times during the 

 summer with the cultivator or hoe, to keep down 

 all weeds, &c. The vines may be allowed to grow 

 at will during the first summer ; very few will ever 

 get broken by the wind, &c. After they have 

 grown a foot or so, and are lying on the ground, 

 they should be trimmed to one cane, and the smaU 

 laterals produced on the main cane should be 

 pinched back to one leaf. 



Rochester, N. Y., FeVy, 1859. JOSIAH SALTEK. 



Eaelt Vegetables. — Many persons wishing early 

 vegetables, sow the seed in crocks or boxes, and 

 start their plants quite early ; but their early growth 

 is nearly lost in transplanting. Let them try the 

 following method : 



Take a flat box, and fill in an inch or two of 

 earth ; then take flat or English turnips, scrape out 

 the inside of as many as you wish hills of tomatoes, 

 cucumbers, cabbage, or lettuce, place them in your 

 box, fill in and around with rich earth, and sow a 

 few seeds in each. Keep in a warm room, and 

 water occasionally. When you plant them, cut off 

 the bottom of the turnip, being cai'eful not to dis- 

 turb the roots, and your vegetables will be from 

 one to two weeks earlier than those raised in a hot- 

 house and transplanted in the common way. Let 

 three or four cucumber or lettuce plants grow in a 

 hill, and but one tomato or cabbage plant. After 

 they are set and growing well, nip off the poorest 

 of the tomatoes and cabbages, for by pulling them 

 up you disturb the roots of the one you wish to 

 grow. — G. Converse, Wilkesbarre^ Pa. 



Black Knot — A Cueoulio Remedy. — We can- 

 not agree with you on the plum tree, as we can 

 show you trees, worked upon the proper stock, 

 that are thirty years old, bearing profusely every 

 year, and have no " black wart," We have a very 

 simple remedy for the ''little Turk," curculio, 

 which is to burn old chips of leather under the 

 trees when the plum is of the size of a pea, — one 

 application being suflUcient. Plum trees should be 

 worked on plum stocks, — not on peach, wild jjlum, 

 nor suckers from old trees, as these make a sickly 

 tree, good for nothing. — 0. Reagles & Son, Sche- 

 nectady, Nov., 1858. 



