252 



THE GENESEE FARMER. 



(and here lie showed some very long hranches of 

 la-*t year's ijrowtli.) Tliis spring, 1859, the bnds 

 had swelled lis usual and seemed ready to develop. 

 The fruit buds evon began to unfold, and then all 

 stojpctl. The bark remains green all down the 

 body of the tree until near to the ground, and root, 

 and it then is all dea'l and has the appearance of 

 having be-.-n dead for a year. The point where the 

 bark diaiu'es from green and bright to brown, is 

 somerimc's above and sometimes below the point 

 ofjiineiion between the jiear stock and the graft. 

 The wood is dead beneatli the bark and the baik 

 is dead. Had examined thoroughly, with a micro- 

 scope, and couhl ti:i<l no insect there and no mark 

 of any insect having been there. Had brought to 

 the Society some of the stumps of the trees, and 

 wished the gentlemen to look at tliem. The Doc- 

 tor verified all his statements as he jiroceeded by 

 cutting the bark, and showing it green above and 

 dead at tlie roots. In answer to (inestions— the 

 roots were alw.iys mostly dead. His loss had been 

 witliin the last four or five years fully 250 out 

 of 1.2H0 trees. 



T. C. M.vxwEi.L thought it was the fire blight. 

 Had found in his ex{)erience that the blight uses 

 all bark just in this same way. The diseiu<e seems 

 to commence in the .roots; the roots all seem to die. 

 The furtlier supply and circulation of fresh sap is 

 of course stopi)ed. There remains enough of sap 

 iu the bark ami body of the tree to make the fruit 

 buds and leaf buds commence to swell and to keep 

 the bark green. 



ALV.\n Covey had lost cherry trees in the same 

 way. Two X<tpoleo}i Bigarreau trees died last 

 year, and upt)n digging them u]) found that the 

 roots were dead, with the same appearance as 

 those now before the meeting. Disease is not con- 

 lined to standard pear trees, by any means. 



T. G. Ykomaxs, of Walworth, had planted two 

 hundred stjuidard jiear trees, and they were all 

 gone now; knew that in his case it had been 

 caused by an excess (tf water. Having the excess 

 of water once in a while is what does it. 



S. II. Ai.NswoRrji — Looking at these stumps of 

 Dr. Si'E.scE would call attention to the roots. They 

 6e*m all to be lateral roots, to lun near the surface 

 of the ground — trees seem not to have had any tap 

 roots. Thinks there mu.<t have been wet subsoil 

 or .>i()ine water whicii, flowing to the trees, pre- 

 vented the growth of the ta|i roots. Much depends 

 upon r!ie condition of the eartii in the spring; altern- 

 ate ireezing and thawing is almost sure death to 

 the tree.s. Hud lo.st a great numy trees in his day, 

 but never had any die where the subsoil was dry. 



Re^UIning question Xo. 3, a ballot was Uiken as 

 to the best six varieties of strawberries for market 

 purposes, u|)on which Early Scarht and Wihoii's 

 AUiany were upon every ballot, and Bonier, Tri- 

 omphc de OanJ, Hont/s Seedling, and Burr's jNtmc 

 Bine received a plurality of the votes. Also, as to 

 which were the best six varieties for amateur culti- 

 vation. And here the members hardly varied a 

 vote from Early Scarlet, Hooler, Burr's Xew Bine, 

 limey's Seedling, WiUon's Alhauy, and Triomphe 

 de Hand. 



Several geotlemea were at this time questioned 



upon points where the members knew them to have 

 enjoyed facilities for experience t.pon particular 

 points in cultivation, but the facts elicited were 

 only confirmatory of what are at present under- 

 stood to be the best methods of culture — in hills 

 for the garden, and in rows or beds for the field. 



P. Barry, recalled with pleasure the remarks 

 made by U. N. Lakgworthy when this subject 

 was first introduced. Let us be sure that we 

 know what we want; what qualities we desire 

 in the plants, and what in the berries; then let n» 

 cultivate our vine>- in the proper manner — let every- 

 thing be done according to some system, and we 

 shall have results which will astonish those who 

 just go along hap-hazard, anyhow, and who are con- 

 sequently always having bad luck with their berries. 



The Society adjourned to meet in Rochester at 

 the call of the Council — ])robably in Se[>tember. 

 Messrs. E. W. Herexdekx, of Macedon, "Wayne 

 county; T. C. Maxwell, of Geneva, Ontario coun- 

 ty; and C. L. Hoag, of Lockport, Niagara county; 

 have been appointed a committee to select subjects 

 for discussion at the September meeting. This 

 selection will be made some weeks beforehand and 

 full notice of the choice will be given to members 

 by the secretary. 



Garden Trash. — A nurseryman of this city tells 

 us the following good story, and guarantees its 

 truth. He had an agent selling trees in Tennessee. 

 The farmers are wealthy, but not remarkable either 

 for their intelligence or horticultural taste. The 

 agent had a book of colored engravings of fruits, 

 flowers, «Ssc. He was trying to sell trees to a 

 farmer, and exhibited these engravings. On turn- 

 ing to a fine plate of strawberries, the farmer ex- 

 claimed, "These look nice; I will have some of 

 these. "What kind of a tree do they grow or. V 

 The agent explained tliat they did not grow on 

 tree? — they were raised on small plats in the gar- 

 den. "Oh, then," said Tennessee, " I wont have 

 them; I want none of your garden trash.'''' 



Permanent Labei.s.- Take of verdigris and sal 

 ammoniac each two draclims ; lampblack one 

 drachm ; water four ounces. Mix well in a mort^ir, 

 adding the water gradually. Keep in a glass vi;d 

 securely stopped. Write with the ink in a quill 

 pen, upon clean, brigiit zinc plates of any desired 

 form. When dry, it m.iy be exjiosed to the 

 weather, or buried in the ground for years, with- 

 out obliterating the writing. Shake the ink weU 

 before using. — Cor. Co. (ie)d. 



A VAKiKTY OF Cypress. — The Retue Horticnle 

 gives an account of a variety of cypre.«s grown in 

 France, the peculiarity of which consists of there 

 being no branches the leaves growing on twigs 

 that ppring directly from the stem. The height 

 reaches 40 feet, while its widest diameter, compris- 

 ing stem and branches, is only 2 feet. 



