THE GENESEE FARMER. 



819 



m being thrown out of the ground by the 

 i I and thawing in early spring, which fre- 

 proves very destructive before the mis- 

 discovered. 



a trees are staked and not banked up, they 

 be examined frequently in early spring; and 

 •cots are found exposed by the action of the 

 bey must be immediately covered. 

 s planted in the fall, in the more northern 



Iand Canadas, however hardy they may be 

 3d to be, should be slightly protected by 

 ir coarse litter thrown loosely over or bound 

 ;hem. 



planting of strawberry plants seldom is suc- 



and should you have ordered some choice 



}s to come with your trees, plant them nicely 



ox of sandy earth, and place them in your 



in the light of a window. Sprinkle lightly 



3W days, until they have accustomed them- 



to their situation, and then withhold water 



y during winter, unless you should find the 



tting very dry, when it may be given suffi- 



to keep the soil slightly most. In this way 



ay preserve the plants until you can put 



nto the ground in the spring. 



y of the new hardy grape vines are grown 



nurserymen in pots, and sent out with the 



f earth attached. When planting such vines, 



out all the dirt, and spread out the roots in 



)Ie. 



se general directions may be of benefit, if fol- 

 and may also suggest to some many other 

 ions which can be profitably bestowed on 

 trees. 



>wiNG Old Oechards. — Hovr many old or- 

 8 there are that have been seeded down and 

 md sufiered to lie in grass till the trees pro- 

 cracked, gnarled, and worthless fruit — and 

 of that. Such orchards should be plowed — 

 s deep as may be, without disturbing too many 

 e roots. The present month is a good time to 

 rm this labor. The earlier, the better. Fall 

 ing and summer-fallows are as good for fruit 

 as for any farm crop. Do not neglect this. 

 11 pay — pay double, and treble. 



KSEEviNG Dahlia Roots. — Take up the roots 

 dry day, after the tops have been killed by 

 , Let them remain exposed to the sun and 

 ill quite dry. All the soil should be shaken 

 hem. When quite dry, put them on a shelf in 

 jellar, or in a box or barrel of dry sand. The 

 a of the variety should be written on a wooden 

 , and attached to the root with wire. 



Peat, Swamp Muck, «&o. — These substances — 

 containing, as they do, in the dry state, some 70 

 per cent, of organic matter — are of great value to 

 the horticulturist. They are most beneficial on dry 

 sandy soils, which are often deficient in organic 

 matter. It is well known that these substances not 

 only supply plants with food, but also render the 

 soil more retenti ve of moisture. Nearly all garden 

 vegetables require more carbonaceous matter in the 

 soil than wheat and other cereals. The same is 

 probably true of fruit trees, and especially of many 

 kinds of evergreens. 



The best way to prepare swamp muck, peat, &c., 

 is to throw it up to dry, and then compost it with 

 horse-manure, and with rich, animal substances, 

 that ferment rapidly. The ammonia developed by 

 the fermentation of these substances neutralizes th« 

 acid of the muck, and a valuable manure is the 

 result. When it is not convenient to do this, a 

 little lime or ashes may be mixed with the muck, in 

 order to neutralize the acid and induce fermentation. 



Dwarf Pears. — We understand that Mr. Pinney, 

 of Clarkson, N. Y., has Louise Bonne de Jersey 

 pear trees, on the quince, seven years from plant- 

 ing, some of which produce this season three bar- 

 rels each. He estimates his crop of Louise Bonne 

 at three hundred bushels. He asks $6 a barrel for 

 them. Mr. P. has embarked extensively in the 

 culture of dwarf pears; and we are glad to hear 

 that he is so well satisfied with the results, on the 

 whole, that he is about to set out more trees. He 

 thinks the Louise Bonne de Jersey one of the most 



profitable varieties. 



^»..^ 



Barrels foe Feuit, — Everything in contact with 

 fruit should be clean and sweet, and the vessel in 

 which it is placed should be dry and tight. Old 

 flour barrels should not be used, unless well washed 

 and dried, as the particles of flour left in the barrel 

 will mould and impart to the fruit an unpleasant 

 odor and flavor. Old lime barrels, it is said, are 

 excellent for this purpose — the lime absorbing the 

 vapor and gases. If this is so, a little fresh slaked 

 lime scattered on the bottom, sides, and top of the 

 barrel, would be beneficial. 



M I ■ . 



Apple Trees on High Land, — L. S. Standeixo, 

 of Denmark, Lewis Co., N. Y., states that they 

 can not raise fruit in that locality, excepting red 

 plums, gooseberries, raspberries, &c. He has re- 

 peatedly tried to raise apple trees but has uniformly 

 failed. But on the uplands, two miles west, where 

 they get snow one to two weeks earlier in the fall, 

 and later in the spring, they succeed tolerably in 

 raising fruit. 



