144 



tHE GENESEE FAR¥EK. 



grasses when both are consumed on the farm. If 

 both the clover and the timothy are sold off the 

 farm, the clover may impoverish the soil as much 

 as the timothy, though there is some doubt on this 

 point. 



It will be seen that decorticated or husked cot- 

 ton-seed cake atfords richer manure than any other 

 food. Cotton-seed has been used for many years 

 iis' a manure in the Southern States, with good 

 results. Within the last few years, a process has 

 been patented for removing the husks from the 

 seed, so that it can be used for making oil, in the 

 same way as linseed, ra:pe seed, etc. The cake that 

 is left, like the latter, is used for food or manure. 

 This cotton-seed cake has attracted considerable 

 attention in England, and all the experiments which 

 have been made, so far as we have seen, indicate 

 that it is quite as nutritious as linseed cake,- while, 

 as will be seen from the above table, it affords 

 richer manure. According to Prof. S. W. Jonx- 

 SON, of New Haven, Ct., this cake is manufactured 

 to a considerable extent at Providence, R. I. The 

 cake sells for $25 per ton. Prof. Johnson, from 

 analyses which he has made of it, estimates its 

 value as a manure at $21.60 per ton. From the 

 enormous quantities of cotton seed which can be 

 obtained, and winch has hitherto been tiirown 

 away, there can be no doubt that this new branch 

 of industry will be extensively prosecuted. 



It will be seen that beans and peas afford very 

 rich manure. The remarks we have made in regard 

 to clover will apply also to these leguminous plants 

 as compared with the cereals, oats, barley, Indian 

 corn, etc.; they not only afford richer manure, but 

 their growth impoverishes the soil far less than the 

 cereals. It will be seen that the manure obtained 

 from a bushel of peas is worth twice as much as 

 from a bushel of Indian corn. 



Malt dust, it will be seen, affords rich manure. 

 We do not know what is done with it at the brew- 

 eries, but if it can be obtained at a reasonable rate, 

 it might be purchased to advantage. It has long 

 been used in England as food for stock. Some 

 years ago, when the writer was with Mr. Lawes, 

 at Rothamsted, a well known agriculturist and 

 member of Parliament from one of the Eastern 

 counties, came to examine the experiments which 

 were then being made to test the value of malt as 

 compared with barley as food for stock. Great 

 -efforts were r^t that time made to induce the Gov- 

 ■ ePOKient to repeal the malt duty — for the reason, 

 as waa alleged, that malt was much more fatten- 

 ing than barley ; and if the duty was removed, 

 'jarmers .could malt thek barley and use it as feod 



for cattle on their farms. Our friend had warmly 

 espoused the cause, and when we intornjed him 

 that our experiments proved conclusively that the 

 barley was more nutritious than the malt made 

 from it, he exclaimed, '• That cannot be. I have 

 for years used malt-dust and found it very fatten- 

 ing ; and if malt-chist is so good, icltat must the malt 

 itself he V This was a species of argument which 

 might answer in the House of Commons, but which 

 had very little weight at Rotliamsted, where it had 

 just been found tliat malt-dust contained three times 

 as much nitrogen as the malt. 



it will be seen that the manure from a ton of clover 

 hay is worth as much as that made from four tons of 

 straw ; while that from one ton of oil-cake is worth 

 as much as that from nearly nine tons of straw. 



The reason why the root crops are so low down 

 in the scale is that they contain such a large quan- 

 tity of water. Leaving the water out, they afford 

 about as rich manure as clover hay. 



POHK-FAT SOWS FOE BSEEDERS. 



Eds. Genesee Farmek :■ — In a note to my brief 

 essay on raising pork cheap, yon doubt tlie prutita- 

 bleness or practicability of breeding from " poi'k-fat 

 sows." As my article was neither more nor less 

 than a few hints from the experience of John 

 Ska ATS, of Alexander, I referred to him for more 

 s[)ecial information on this point. He iatbrjns me 

 tliat he has successfully practised nii?ing j)igs iVora 

 pork-fat sows for the last 15 years; and his expe- 

 rience is, "the tatter, the better." His litters have 

 varied from 1 to 13 pigs — average 10 or 11 — and 

 two litters from the sow a year. He does not 

 allow a sow to come in till she is a year and a half 

 old, and tinds it profitable to keep her till 5 or 6 

 years old. He has killed the pigs thus raised at 

 from 6 to lOi months old ; and their dressed weight 

 has varied from 800 to 450 lbs. An e(iual cross of 

 By field and Siittolk is his favurite grade. This sea- 

 son, a sow (Byfield,) he sold to the butcher right 

 after weaning her pigs, without tatting ; her dressed 

 weight was over 500 lbs. His swine are never 

 allowed to get hungry, and they never learn to 

 squeal I W l. s. W 



Attica, N. T. 



[The above facts are apparently conclusive ; biit 

 we must say that so far as our experience and ob- 

 servation go, sows, when as fat as recommended 

 by our correspondent, do not, as a general rule, 

 breed well. What say our readers ? eds.] 



A Prime Lot of Fat Sheep. — A few weeks 

 since, McGeaw & Bkian, salesmen in New York, 

 sold a hundred Leicester sheep to different butch- 

 ers for $1,194.34, or an average of $11.94 each. 

 They were fed by Jurian Winnk, Oicar Albany, 

 N. Y. Twenty of them weighed 157 lbs. each, 

 and were sold at 7i cents a lb., live weight. 



