THE GENESEE FARMER. 



273 



16 feet by 18 feet, and containing a large oven and 

 fire-place. No. 6 is a large store-room, 8 feet by 

 9, opening directly into the kitchen. No. 7, a bed- 

 room, 15 feet by 16. No. 10 is another entry, 3 

 feet wide, leading to the yard; here are also stairs 

 to the chambers and cellar. No. 11 is a scullery or 

 wash-room, 8 feet square, with chimney in the 

 corner. No. 12 is a sliop and tool-room, 8 feet by 

 13. No. 13 is a pantry, fitted up. with sink and 

 shelves. No. 14 is a dairy, 6 feet by 13. From 

 tlie shop a door opens into the wood-house, No. 

 15; this is 13 by 16, and connects with the open 

 carriage-shed. No. 16, 13 feet by 24. 



The barn is planned as follows: No. 17 is a pas- 

 sage leading to the privy and to the covered portion 

 of the pig-sty. No. 18; No. 19 is the yard connect- 

 ed. No. 20 is a hen-coop, 9 feet by 18, fitted up 

 with a couple of rows of nests, and opening upon 

 the hen and stable manure-yard. No. 21. iSTo. 22 

 contains stalls for three horses, with feeding troughs 

 in fi'ont. No. 28 is a carriage-shed and harness- 

 room, 18 feet square. At No. 24, in the yard, is a 

 pump with horse-trough attached. 



The second floor contains six bed-rooms, besides 

 bathing-room and closets. The attic may be left 

 unfinished and used for storage. 



OoNSTUucTiON. — Thcsc buildings should be built 

 of wood, covered with plank in the " vertical and 

 battened " style, and painted some pleasing neutral 

 tint, with the verge-boards, verandah, and window 

 and door trimmings, a darker shade of the same 

 color. The whole to be finished in a plain but 

 tliorough manner, inside and out. 



Height of first story, 11 feet; height of second, 

 9i feet. 



Cost in New England about $4,000. 



Profits of Potatoes. — II. M. Sessions, in the 

 Annual Report of the Mass. Board of Agriculture, 

 says lie obtained 350 bushels of potatoes from IJ 

 acre of land. The crop gave a net profit of $62. 

 Tlie lot had been used for a pasture for about 30 

 years. Twenty loads of manure, consisting of the 

 scrapings of yards, were plowed in. The potatoes 

 were cut in small pieces, and planted in rows three 

 feet apart, and the hills eighteen inches apart. 

 Ashes and plaster were applied in the hills. • 



Moke Good Sheep. — My sheep are a cross of the 

 difterent Spunisli families, and for the last six years 

 have yielded an average of over six lbs. of wool, 

 well washed, on the back. The last winter I kept 

 28 in all — 14 ewes, 1 buck, and 13 lambs. TJiey 

 raised 16 lambs this spring, and yielded me 17b 

 lbs. of wool, which I sold quite too early at 45 

 cents per lb. I have sold, since shearing, to the 

 amount of $45, and have 83 left. I have ewes 

 which raise a lamb and yield 7i lbs of wool. — J. 

 \E. HuBBAKD, Tioga Co., N. Y. 



PnEcociou.s Heifers. — TheVillage liecord,^ est- 

 rt-iester. Pa., states that D. B. IIinman, E.-<q., owns 

 ai Alderney heifer which at 13 months and 20 

 d.tys old produced twin calves, and that he has alsu 

 aU)ther heifer of the same breed wliich produced a 

 Cfilf at 13 months and 5 days old. 



WILL WHEAT CULTURE PAY T- IF NAY, WHAT 

 WILL? 



Eds. Genesee Farmer: — On some soils, in some 

 localities, under some circumstances, wheat doubt- 

 less will pay well. The writer of tliis article can 

 recollect when such a state of things existed in 

 this locality. The unbroken forest of the Holland 

 Purchase miglit then be bouglit at five dollars an 

 acre. Labor was low, and the timber might be 

 cut and burnt on the spot, and the ashes manufac- 

 tured into black salts that would pay for clearing 

 and fencing. Then the first crop of wheat — aver- 

 aging 30 bushels to the acre — would, at 50 cents a 

 bushel, pay for seed, getting in, and harvesting, 

 and leave a balance sufficient to pay for the soil the 

 first year ! 



Now, any man must be mad who would argue 

 that such an experiment in growing wheat would 

 not pay, especially after adding the tact that when 

 wood, ashes and wheat were removed, the land 

 was doubled in value. And it may bo, and doubt- 

 less is, true, that the virgin soil of the rich prairies 

 of the West will return more wheat in the first 

 crop than sufficient to pay for soil and all expenses 

 of the crop. Wheat forms "the staflf of life" far 

 the lazy and limping as well as the lusty and laboring 

 population of the globe ; and we shall be sorry in- 

 deed when it will not "pay ' to raise it somewhere. 



But to make the question practical with us, we 

 must talk about the profitableness of growing wheat 

 here, now. 



With regard to this town, or this county, or Old 

 Genesee, though farms may be cited as exceptions, 

 the average attempts to raise wheat for the last five 

 years have not met expenses and interest on value 

 of land — to say nothing of the deterioration of si.il 

 caused by this exhausting crop. That being the 

 case (and I challenge facts to the contrary), raising 

 wheat for market in Wyoming County or Genesee 

 is not now profitable. 



Well, then, tell us what will pay, if wheat will 

 not. 



Three things to which our soil is peculiarly 

 adapted — any of it for some one of them, much of 

 it for all three — will return a large profit now; will 

 pay for extensive culture, and that too without ex- 

 hausting the soil, for a long series of years, 



1. Fruit Culture — Particularly raising apple* — 

 can never be overdone in Western New York. 

 Half our soil, at least, is adapted to this most prof- 

 itable enterprise. The demand will outstrip the 

 supply; and if that half of our soil were covered 

 with an apple forest in full bearing vigor, tlie re- 

 turn would be a hundred fold more than if the 

 whole were a wheat field. Apples might be ex- 

 ported, green and dry, and apples might be fed to 

 stock that the other half would furnish with pas- 

 ture, hay, and grain. The atmospheric supply to 

 the leaves tliat would fall and the refuse fruit fed 

 to animals, would more than compensate for the 

 earthy exhaustion in the fruit that might be ex- 

 ported — so that improvement, and not deteriora- 

 tion, would result to the soil. 



2. Dairy. — This need not interfere with the 

 fruit. Nay, the apples would prove its richest 

 auxiliary. And the buttor and cheese, and the 

 beef and pork that would come of refuse animals, 

 and refuse milk, whey and apj.les, might also be 

 spared without harming the soil. 



