Familiarizing with Whip and Spur 273 



him so greatly that he soon ceases to pull back. 

 Whichever one of these hitches is employed, it is 

 important to force the horse back into the ropes 

 until he fully understands that pulhng back causes 



Fig. 82. — Tail-hitch to overcome the habit of halter-puUing. 



him pain, thus associating the act of pulling back 

 with pain. To avoid the pain he ceases to pull back. 

 Unsteady under whip or spur. — While this ner- 

 vousness or impatience is not a vice, it is very 

 aggravating to drive a horse that will not permit a 

 whip to be held over his back, or to ride one that will 

 not obey the spurs. This is particularly true in the 



