REARING AND FEEDING OF ANIMALS. 335 



horns. His improvements were made on a better basis, and 

 the result was a superior class of cattle, the reputation of which 

 becoming established about the year 1800, it began to super- 

 sede other breeds in every part of the country.* This breed 

 received very generally the name of Durham, and from it is 

 derived the valuable stock in this country known by that 

 name. 



The improved short-horned breed of cattle, was first brought 

 into extensive notice, and its reputation established about the 

 commencement of the present century, by the production 

 of the celebrated "Durham ox," an animal which speaks 

 volumes in favour of a single cross of this blood, for the ox 

 was the produce of a common cow, which had been put to 

 "Favourite," in 1796. t In 1801, when five years old, he was 

 thought to be so wonderful an animal, that he was purchased 

 for exhibition, for five hundred and forty dollars his live 

 weight being then two hundred and twenty-six stone, or three 

 thousand one hundred and sixty-four pounds. The first sale 

 was in February, and in the following May he was sold for 

 eleven hundred dollars, and in two months afterwards eight 

 thousand dollars were offered and refused. He was exhibited 

 in nearly all parts of England to great advantage, until April, 

 1807, when he was killed, in consequence of having dislocated 

 his hip, eight weeks previously; and notwithstanding he must 

 have lost weight during these eight weeks of illness, his car- 

 cass weighed two thousand six hundred and twenty pounds, 

 viz: four quarters, two thousand three hundred and twenty- 

 two tallow, one hundred and sixty-four hide, one hundred 

 and forty-two. 



Uncommon as this animal then was, he has frequently of 

 late, been greatly exceeded in every respect, by individuals of 

 the same family in England and in America. There are very 

 many instances in the United States, of cattle possessing every 

 point of excellence, attaining the weight of from three to four 

 thousand pounds. \ Our limits forbid indeed it is foreign to 



* The first improvement attempted by Mr. COLLINS on the Teeswater breed, 

 which were originally, like all other extravagantly large cattle, frequently of 

 loose make and disproportion, was a reduction of the size of this breed, and at 

 the same time, and by the same means, to improve its form. This, he is sup- 

 posed to have effected in the first instance, through the medium of a bull called 

 ^Hubbock," an animal, respecting which there has been much controversy, 

 principally touching the purity of his blood. 



t Hubback was the sire of the dam of Mr. CHARLES COLLINS' bull Foljambe, 

 who was the grandsire of Favourite, and there can be no doubt that there has 

 not been for many years any superior short-horn which was not descended 

 from Favourite. YOUATT. 



t The famous Yankee ox "Brother Jonathan" has, we believe, been taken 

 across the great water, to pay his respects in person to his brother John Bull. 

 If they cannot compare notes, they will have no difficulty in comparing points 

 and horns. 



