64 



♦ KNOWLEDGE ♦ 



[January 2, 1888. 



space limits the amount of collapse of the rock. But such 

 working out may be only effected commercially — /.?., the 

 working may only be carried to the limits of the estate or 

 royalty, not to that of the seam. Thus the same seam may 

 be opened again on an adjoining estate, and the new work- 

 ings brought close upon the boundary of the previous work- 

 ings. When this is the case, great caution is necessary, the 

 law demands that a bore-hole shall be driven forwards (six 

 feet ahead if I remember rightly) in order to feel for the 

 water. A serious accident occurred at Leeswood, in Flint- 

 shire, while I was there. This precaution had been 

 neglected ; an old abandoned working was broken into by 

 the pick, and through the breach a flood of water poured, 

 drowning seven or eight men. 



Much of the coal which is now lying drowned out might 

 be made available by co-operative pumping. This is the 

 case where a large area is held by different landlords, and is 

 so situated, as regards level, that neither estate can be 

 pumped without pumping all the rest, and each refuses to 

 pump for the benefit of his neighbours. Possibly this diffi- 

 culty will be ultimately settled by the Government taking 

 possession of the whole, and working it for the benefit of 

 the nation ; pumping all, and charging dry royalty to pay 

 for the pumping. In this case " royalty " would return to 

 its original signification — viz., pajTuent to the king. 



AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHIC EXHIBITION. 



HE annual exhibition of amateur photographic 

 work held by the London Stereoscopic and 

 Photographic Co., Limited, has become an 

 event looked forward to with great interest 

 by all amateur photographers and those 

 interested in the progress of photography. 

 The present exhibition, now open at 108 

 and 111) Regent Street, is quite as interesting as its 

 predecessors — and, in fact, to one who has visited all these 

 exhibitions a steady and marked improvement in the style 

 and class of work is distinctly noticeable. Photogi-aphs have 

 been sent in from all parts of the world, as many as four 

 thousand pictiues having been entered. A large number of 

 money prizes, and gold, silver, and bronze medals, have been 

 awarded, and the work is so excellent that in many cases 

 the judges — Captain W. de W. Abney, Mr. T. C. Hepworth, 

 the editor of the Camera, Mr. Hastings, and Mr. Dun- 

 cuft — must have had great difficulty in finally deciding to 

 whom the palm should be awarded. It is very noticeable, 

 also, that both ladies and gentlemen seem to acquire 

 the art of photography with great ease, and gain proficiency 

 with wonderful rapidity ; some who have now taken gold 

 medals were, only two years ago, perfectly ignorant of the art. 

 The exhibits now on view number 2,260 mounts, the 

 majority of \s-hich are shown in portfolios, while a large 

 number of the prize pictures have been framed and hung 

 upon the walls. These Ulusti-ate an immense variety of the 

 branches of photographic art-portraiture, landscape, archi- 

 tecture, warfare, animal studies, genre pictures, instan- 

 taneous views of action, micro-photography and other 

 branches being well represented. 



Taking the exhibits in then- order in the catalogue, we 

 see at Frame 1 Mrs. Edward Penton's highly commended 

 and highly commendable views of Tintern Abbey. 

 Frames 2 and 3 contain Mr. Harry Tolley's exquisite 

 pictures, " White-iobed Nature," a delicate snow scene, and 

 " At Ham, Derbyshire," to which have been awarded the 

 \0l. prize given in Class I., which was open to all amateurs, 

 and the gold medal given by the Camera Magazine for the 



best general work. Mr. Tolley also exhibits, Nos. 49, 

 50, 57, a beautiful platinoty]3e of a group in a boat 

 gathering water-lilies, and 75, a very fine interior of 

 Exeter Cathedral. In Class II., for marine subjects, 

 the silver medal has been carried off by Captain C. M. 

 Harrison for his excellent pictures of yachts in motion. 

 Frame 5. In Chiss III., for sporting pictures, the 5Z. prize 

 has been taken by Lieutenant R. B. Croft, R.X., for 

 Frame 15, which contains seven studies of animals. The 

 silver medal has been taken by Jlr. J. T. Hopwood for his 

 beautiful little Jersey cattle (69), whUe one of the bronze 

 medals has fallen to Sir M. G. and Miss F. Harvey for 

 their pictures of " Sport in Many Lands," two of which 

 appear in Frame -11, and represent a dead hippopotamus 

 and a dead buffalo, each being surrounded by a gi'oup ot 

 beaters and sportsmen. In Cla.ss IV., for the most original 

 picture, the silver medal has deservedly fallen to the Rev. 

 F. C. Lambert for Frame 52, which contains three pictures, 

 viz., "The Jubilee Joke," the cleverest study of laughter 

 that we have ever seen ; " There is No Deception ; the 

 Amateur Conjuror," a capital interior and composition 

 picture ; and " The Amateur Photographer," a little girl pre- 

 tending to take the portrait of another little girl and 

 a baby by means of a camera made of an old chimney- 

 pot hat. The bronze medals have been awarded to the 

 Countess Oriola (45). Two pictures, called "At the 

 Fountain " — after the Greek style — and " A Family Group " 

 of Egj'ptian women and child, which is far the best of the 

 three ; and to Dr. E. W. Alabone (16) for his exceedingly 

 comic pictures — " Going," " High Jump," and " Gone." In 

 Class v., open only to pupils of the Stereoscopic Company, 

 the gold medal was awarded to Mr. Howard J. Kennard for 

 Fi'ames 11 and 12, exquisite views of the Rhine and 

 Switzerland ; the silver medal to Mjr. J. T. Hopwood for 

 (73) " Winter" and a splendid interior, the " Music Room, 

 Ribton Hall." In this class six medals were awarded, and 

 the work is of the highest excellence. In Class VI., which 

 is open only to those who have begun the art with the 

 present yeai", some really remarkable work is shown. The 

 5Z. prize was well won liy Mr. E. A. Golledge for Frame 60, 

 which contains eight pictures, of which the most interesting 

 are the instantaneous views (1) of "Ladies Bathing" (284) 

 of "Yachts in Motion," and (8) of "Yarmouth Bridge." 

 No. 5, of childi-en " Going for a Drive " in a goat chaise, is 

 quite charming. Four other awards were made in this class, 

 the silver medal being given to Mr. D. A. Clarke, M.A., for 

 Frame 24, which contains three excellent pictures, of which 

 the best Ls " Filling the Water-cart." In Class VII., open only 

 to the fair sex, awards have been made to five ladies. Miss 

 C. Wrigley being the winner of the 5/. prize for Frame 61, 

 which contains four country pictures, of which the prettiest 

 is another " Gathering Lilies " — a man standing in a punt 

 on a beautiful piece of water. In Class VIII., open only to 

 customers of the company, the 10^. prize has been won by 

 Mr. G. Davison, for a set of three capital pictures (78) ; and 

 ten awards have been given, one bronze medal having fallen 

 to the Rev. H. B. Hare, whose excellent work last j-ear 

 makes us wish he had been more strongly represented this 

 time. In Class IX., for officers of her Majesty's service, 

 six awards were made, Surgeon F. M. Puddicombe, R.N., 

 winning the silver medal for Frame 8, which contains four 

 most interesting pictures, of which (1) "A Torpedo Boat 

 going 16 knots an hour," and (3) " Whitehead Torpedo in 

 the act of Explosion," are the most noteworthy. Mr. Cyril 

 S. Cobb is the winner of the silver medal in Class X., 

 and Lieutenant G. H. Call in Class XL for (70), of 

 which two views of the interior of the White ^Marble 

 Palace at Delhi are very beautiful. In Class XII., 

 open to members of the learned profession.^, Mr. W^. Lant 



