214 



KNOWLEDGE ♦ 



[July 2, 1888. 



many good words — for that pariah among the feathered 

 tribes, the sparrow. Many will learn with some astonish- 

 ment how much they are indebted to the frog, the toad, the 

 lady-bird, and the glow-worm, among other unsuspected 

 benefactors. Even apart from its mere economic value, the 

 work whose title heads this notice will furnish a fund of 

 interest and amusement to every dweller in the country by 

 its descriptions, at once accurate and picturesqiie, of the 

 myriad forms of life which either benefit or injure us. It 

 is worthy of note, by the w.ay, that some of the farmer's 

 friends are bitter foes to the horticulturist ; but Mr. Wood 

 always candidly warns us when this is the case. 



Messrs. Cassell & Co. send us copies of their admirable 

 N'eiv Standard Drawing Copies, prepared to meet the latest 

 requirements of the Science and Art Department ; and of 

 the " Sixtieth Thousand " of the Citizen Header, describing 

 in clear and attractive style the machinery and institutions 

 of the State. Hazell's Annual CijelopcfAia improves by 

 experience, and there are few holes to be picked in this 

 year's issue. It has become an indispensable companion to 

 Whitaker. 



Messrs. Griffith & Farran send us a compendious A'rery I)ni] 

 Dictionary, and the second and cheaper edition of M. CiiArT.iN- 

 Ayeton's Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child-Stories, 

 a delightful book, quaintly illustrated by native artists. 

 Messrs. Hamilton, Adams, k. Co. have issued an abridged 

 edition of the ever-readable but now little-read Xoctes 

 Amlrosiance, with which we advise a generation that knew 

 not " Christopher North " to make acquaintance. Among 

 serials we have the Century, with Matthew Arnold's 

 posthumous paper on Milton ; Lonqmans Magazine, with a 

 moderate and useful paper by Dr. Richardson in favour 

 of vegetable diet; and the Westminster lievieio, which im- 

 ])rovcs every month — the May number is far and away 

 the best among the half-crown magazines. Among the 

 articles of sterling value are those on tramps of the past and 

 present ; England, or rather London, in the last century, as 

 seen through French and German eyes ; and a painful but 

 valuable paper, quite remarkable of its kind, on the cure of 

 habitual drunkards, by one who thus signs himself, and 

 who tells the story of his shame and ultimate rescue. Space 

 does not permit us 1o do more than make bare reference to 

 an article in the Edinburgh Fcvicw for April on " Darwin's 

 Life and Letters," in which the reviewer glories in his 

 shame that he has always opposed the theory of natural 

 selection. 



dBm WBWt Column* 



By "Five of Clubs." 



THE following game, played in Pydney on March 10, ISSS, was 

 contributed by Y to the AvstraUisian, wliose whi.st editor has 

 kindly .'cnt it to us. We give his notes first ; and some comments 

 of our own afterwards. (Z was a visitor from England, the rest 

 were .Sydney whist-players. 



THE HANDS. 

 P /S. (?rK;n/w).— Kn. H.— 10, 0, .5. "1 



-'^XD.— Q, Kn, C, t. C— 9, S, 7, t, 2./ 



S. (;■;)«),— 10, 5. "1 

 II.— A, 10, 9, .8. \ 

 If.— A, Q, 8, 2. ' 

 C— A, K, 3. 



Z 



H.— Kn, 7,3.1 

 C— Q, 10, .5. / 

 Score :— A B 1 ; T Z 1 . 

 Card underlined wins trick ; card underneath leads nest. 



. /S. {frumps).— k, K, Q, C, 

 ^ ID.— 7, 2. 





10 



NOTES. 



Trick 1. — A leads correctly. 

 "With the exception of the Club 

 Queen he holds no card outside 

 trump which he is likely to 

 make. He must, therefore, trust 

 to finding his partner with some 

 strength in the plain suits. 



Trick 2.— This trick gives A 

 the information that there are 

 three trump; remaining in Y's 

 hand. B's discard ouglit to have 

 been the Heart, in which he has 

 no strength wh.atevor,r.ither than 

 the Club, which, with the help of 

 his partner, he has some chance 

 of bringing in. 



Trick 3. — A's lead of the Spade 

 Ace is very injudicious play. By 

 parting with that card he prac- 

 tically incapacitates himself from 

 taking any further share in the 

 direction of the game. He 

 ought, in our opinion, to have 

 played the Diamond Seven, on 

 the chance of making one of his 

 small trumps on the Diamond 

 suit. 



Trick 4. — Of course Y makes 

 a bid for this trick, in order to 

 have the opportunity Of drawing 

 A's losing trumps. 



Trick 10 — At this point of 

 the hard Z has two chances of 

 winning the game. These are 

 that the Di.amond King is with 

 Y, in which case it is qui'e 

 immaterial how Z leads ; or else 

 that the Di.amond King is with 

 A, and the Diamond Qaeen with 

 Y. It is be'ter, of courfe, to 

 take advantage of a double 

 chance than to adopt the line of 

 play which cannot succeed un- 

 less one named card be in part- 

 ner's hand. Consequently, Z 

 ought to have led the Diamond 

 Ten. 



NOTES BY "FIVE OF 

 CLUBS.'' 



Trick 3.— Had not B mis- 

 takenly discarded a Club, indi- 

 cating weakness in the suit, A 

 might have led a small Club 

 here, on the chance of making 

 the Queen. Leading a Diamond 

 there is rather more risk of Ys 

 getting a lead and forcing out 

 trumps. A single trick by A-B 

 saves and makes the game — this 

 is patent to the whole table ; and 

 it is absolutely essential to A-B 

 to play as dark as possible. Heart 



Knave or Diamond Seven would at once indicate A's position. This 



applies to A's lead at trick 4, after his mistake in leading the 



Trump Ace. 



Trick 8. — Z's play should be the Diamond Ten here, rather than 



at trick 10, though certainly at 10 it not made at 8 or 9. The reason 



for this lead is that given in the above notes. 



And Y-Z score four by cards and 

 a double ag.ainst four by honours. 



M. LuDOVici's Art School for Ladt Students. — An inter- 

 esting annual prize competition has been started in connection wiih 

 this school, for the best subject picture. Three money prizes and 

 three orders of merit in gold, silver, and bronze will be given. The 

 awards will be made in October 1888, the judges being Messrs. 

 Albert Moore, Mortimer Menpes, and G. II. Broughton, A.R.A. 

 Messrs. Dowdeswell & Dowdeswell have kindly consented to lend 

 their gallery in Bond Street for the public exhibition of the competi- 

 tive paintings. As M. Ludovici has some very promising lady students, 

 this competition is looked forward to with considerable interest. 



