70 



DISCOVERY 



who knew her well, the singular charm, beauty, and 

 goodness of Donna Raimondi's personality — a nature, 

 sweet, generous, and kind, which won the S3rmpathy 

 and affection of all who had the good fortune to meet 

 her. Among the common people she was beloved 

 to the end of her days. 



This second portrait is of historical interest. UTien 

 Donna Giuseppina fled from her father's villa after 

 the stormy scene with her bridegroom in the garden, 

 she rook refuge at the factor's house at Gironico, 

 where she was sheltered and caressed by his wife 

 during those heart-breaking and sorrowful days. To 

 this friend in need Donna Raimondi, in token of 

 her enduring gratitude, gave the photograph here 

 reproduced. 



Between the Covers 



RACIAL VARIETIES IN OUR POPULATION 



Methods of living, types of speech, mannerisms are 

 not the only forms in which the difference in racial 

 stocks between one county and another, and often 

 between one village and another, proclaim themselves 

 to him whose business takes him continually from 

 one district to another in England. In his newly 

 published book. The Races of England and Wales 

 (Benn Bros., Ltd., 5s.), Professor H. J. Fleure has 

 summarised the main conclusions of recent research 

 on an intensely interesting subject. After dealing 

 with the origins of our population and the minglings 

 of various racial stocks, the author outlines the varia- 

 tions in the physical appearance of the inhabitants of 

 different English counties. 



" There is no doubt," he says, " that in every part 

 of England and Wales several types live side by side. 

 Often, certain types are found only as rare exceptions, 

 occurring in perhaps i per cent, of the population or 

 less, but there are usually places where these, gener- 

 ally rarer, types occur in considerable numbers, per- 

 haps making 20 or 30 per cent, of a sample. It is 

 from evidence such as this that we are forced to gather 

 our points as to the distribution of physical types in 

 Britain." 



As most of us know, the population of Northern 

 and Eastern England is predominantly fair in colour- 

 ing, and is characterised by its " long heads, straight 

 profiles, fine noses, grey eyes, and fair hair." This 

 is probably due chiefly to Scandinavian and Danish 

 origins. 



To cite a few e.xamples. "The Yorkshireman of 

 the north and east is not only generally fair and long- 

 headed, but also tall and well built. ... In remoter 

 corners, however, especially towards Derbyshire, the 



darker types are much more numerous, though in the 

 Derbyshire dales we again find numbers of the Beaker » 

 type. 



" In Cumberland and Lancashire fair long-heads are 

 abundant enough, but the little dark long- head is also 

 well marked in the latter. . . . Bcddoe found the 

 North of England and Derbyshire about the fairest 

 region of the whole country. . . . Lincolnshire, again, 

 is strikingly fair. . . . East Anglia has more constrasted 

 types. . . . 



" The Midlands obviously retain a larger element of 

 the old stocks than do the north and east ; they were 

 of old densely wooded and were cut off from East 

 Anglia by great marshes. Beddoe was probably right 

 in thinking that the Vale of Aylesbury and East 

 Worcestershire, both areas of fertile land earty occupied 

 by Sa.xons, have a rural population fairer than the 

 average of the Midlands. . . . 



" In the south, Kent has tall, fair long-heads in 

 large numbers, and so have Surrey, Sussex, and Hamp- 

 shire ; but in the Romney Marsh, the Weald, and the 

 north of the New Forest are pockets of darker 

 types of older standing. 



" As one goes west, either in the Midlands towards 

 the Welsh border, or in the south towards the border 

 of Wilts and Somerset or Dorset and Devon, the 

 numbers of dark-haired people seem to increase, the 

 older breeds become more conspicuous. . . . 



" Devon appears to show much dark hair with grey 

 eyes. . . . Cornwall has the darkest population in 

 England, with dark long-heads thickly distributed, but 

 also the stalwart dark broad-heads who are found in 

 nearly all the fishing harbours." 



AN AMPHIBIOUS TANK 



A new tjrpe of military tank has caused much in- 

 terest in the United States. Its " paces were tried 

 out " not long ago before officers of the War and Navy 

 Departments, and members of the American Society 

 of Mechanical Engineers. 



" The tank," says the Scientific American for 

 February, " was driven on the level road at a speed 

 of 25 miles an hour ; climbed a slope of 40 degrees 

 at the foot of the Palisades of the Hudson. Returning 

 to the bank, it moved down into the water, and, 

 against a strong tide, crossed the river where it is 

 nearly two miles in width, under its own power." 



Its body consists of a plate-steel watertight structure. 

 For road work it " runs upon solid rubber-tyred wheels. 

 At the rear end of the tank is an extra pair of wheels 



' So-called on account of apparent descent from immigrants 

 who came into Britain from across the North Sea towards the 

 close of the later Stone ."Vge, and whose graves can be identified 

 to-day by the presence of the so-called " Beaker " pot — a 

 feature of the culture that they brought with them into 

 Britain. 



