58 



KNOWLEDGE 



[March 1, 1892. 



disc being illuminated, and her brightness being about one- 

 half of what it will be at the beginning of June. On the 

 31st she sets at lOh. 48m. p.m., with a northern declination 

 of 20^ 53', and an ap^jarent diameter of 17|", xy^tts of the 

 disc being illuminated. In the early evening of the 28 th 

 an 8i magnitude star will be situated very near the planet. 

 During the month she passes from Pisces, through Aries, 

 into Taurus. Mars is invisible, and Jupiter is in conjunc- 

 tion with the Sun on the 21st. 



Saturn is well-placed for observation, being in opposition 

 to the Sun on the IGth, at a distance from the earth of 

 about 787J milhon miles. He rises on the 1st at 6h. 55m. 

 P.M., with a northern declination of 3° 5', and an apparent 

 equatorial diameter of 19-2" (the major axis of the ring 

 system being 44-1" in diameter, and the minor 1-9"). On 

 the 81st he rises at 4h. 45m. p.m., with a northern 

 declination of 4° 2', and an apparent equatorial diameter of 

 19-2" (the major axis of the ring system being 44-1" in 

 diameter, and the minor 1-1"). The following phenomena 

 of the satellites may be observed (the times are given to 

 the nearest quarter of an hour). March 3rd, 8jh. p.m., 

 Ehea, eclipse disappearance. March 4th, 3fh. a.m., Titan, 

 eclipse disappearance. March 5th, Ofh. a.m., Dione, 

 eclipse disappearance. March 6th, 4ih. a.m., Tethys, 

 eclipse disappearance. March 9th, 14h. a.m., Tethys, 

 eclipse disappearance ; 6 p.m., lapetus, at greatest W. 

 elongation. March 10th, llh. p.m., Tethys, eclipse 

 disappearance. March 11th, lOJ^h. p.m., shadow of Titan 

 in central transit. March 12th, 8xh. p.m., Tethys, eclipse 



disappearance 

 March 18th, 

 March 22ud, 

 March 26th, 



disappearance, 

 reappearance, 

 reappearance, 

 reappearance. 



; 9h. p.m., Rhea, eclipse 

 8|h. p.m., Dione, eclipse 

 l^h. A.M., Ehea, eclipse 

 4jh. A.M., Tethys, eclipse 

 March 27th, l^h. a.m., Dione, eclipse reappearance ; 9|h 

 P.M., shadow of Titan in central transit. March 28th, 

 li-h. A.M., Tethys, eclipse reappearance. March 29th, 7h. 

 P.M., Dione, eclipse reappearance ; lOfh. p.m., Tethys, 

 eclipse reappearance. March 31st, 2|h. a.m., Rhea, 

 eclipse reappearance ; 8Jh. p.m., Tethys, eclipse re- 

 appearance. At lOh. P.M. on the 17th, a 9th magnitude 

 star will be about 1|' north of the planet. During March 

 Saturn describes a short retrograde path in Virgo, without 

 approaching any naked-eye star. 



Uranus is eommg into a good position for observation, 

 rising on the 1st at lOh. 37m. p.m., with a southern decli- 

 nation of 13^ 0', and an apparent diameter of 3-7". On the 

 31st he rises at 8h. 34m. p.m., with a southern declination 

 of 12° 43'. He will be so favourably placed for observation 

 during March, never being more than 30' from the 4i mag- 

 nitude star A Virginis, that the student should endeavour to 

 pick the planet up with the naked eye or an opera glass. 

 His occultation by the Moon is mentioned below. A map 

 of the path of Uranus is given in the Eiii/lis/i Mechanic for 

 February 12th. Neptune is still \'isible, rising on the 1st 

 at 9h. 43m. a.m., with a northern declination of 19° 50', 

 and an apparent diameter of 2i". On the 31st he sets at 

 llh. 36m. P.M., with a northern declination of 19° 56'. 

 He describes a short direct path to the N.W. of e Tauri. 



There are no very well-marked showers of shooting stars 

 in March. The zodiacal light should be looked for over the 

 western horizon on every moonless evening. 



The Moon enters her first quarter at 7h. 15m. p.m. on 

 the 5th ; is full at Oh. 55m. p.m. on the 13th ; enters her 

 last quarter at 5h. 16m. p.m. on the 21st ; and is new at 

 Ih. 18m. P.M. on the 28th. She is in apogee at 9-7h. p.m. 

 on the 15th (distance from the earth 252,300 miles); and 

 in perigee at lOh. p.m. on the 28th (distance from the 

 earth 221,960 miles). The greatest western libration is at 

 quanJOm. a.m, on the 7th, and the greatest eastern at 



8h. 14m. A.M. on the 23rd. The planet Uranus, equal to a 

 5 J magnitude star, will be occulted at Oh. 30m. a.m. on the 

 17th, at an angle of 112°, reckoned as in double star obser- 

 vation, ?'.i'., from the true N. point in the direction N.E.S.W., 

 and will reappear at Ih. 46m. a.m., at an angle of 318°. 



Cfttss Column. 



By C. D. LocooK, B.A.Oxon. 



All communications for this column should be addressed 

 to the " Chess Editor, Knoidedye Ojficc," and posted before 

 the 10th of each month. 



The solution of the February problem is withheld for the 

 same reason as in the case of the previous problem. 



CoKEECT Solutions have been received from Giuoco 

 Pianissimo, W. T. Hurley, and A. Rutherford. Of the MS. 

 Problem, solutions in three moves from W. T. Hurley, A. 

 Rutherford, and M. B. (Jesmond) : the latter not quite 

 complete. 



R. G. Hail/ {Mrlh(iunie).—Jn the variation you mention 

 the Queen mates at QEsq. This is probably the leading 

 variation, and no doubt you will have seen the mate before 

 this. 



Alpha. — The move you rejected is, strange to say, the 

 correct key-move, though rather strong-looking. In reply 

 to the move you suggest. Black must not play 1. . . P x Kt, 

 or 1. . . . P to B3 ; but he may play apparently almost 

 anything else. Certainly there is not much pleasure in 

 finding more than one solution to any problem. 



^f. B. {Jfsmond). — In the three-move problem you 

 omitted the important defences, Q to Kt6 (compelling 

 Q to Kt4ch) and P to K5. Also the defence E to Kt3, in 

 which a slight variation in the mating method occurs. 

 After 1. ... KxP, Kt to B5 is a triple continuation. In 

 position A there is a dual on the third move — after 1. . . 

 P becomes a Kt, etc. 



PROBLEM. 



[From Kwiland. — Composer unknown.] 



Bl/ACE. 



^ v///^/y. 



White to play, and mate in three moves. 



KNOWLEDGE" SOLUTION TOURNEY. 



This contest has at length been decided. It will be 

 seen from the list of correct solutions that, of the four 

 surviving competitors, two only proved equal to the 

 double task set last month. These two were Mr. A. 



