August 1, 1892.] 



KNOWLEDGE 



159 



of the 27th a 9th magnitude star will be seen very near 

 the planet. During the month Venus pursues a direct 

 path through Gemini, without approaching any couspicuo-as 

 star very closely. 



Mars is an evening star, and but for his very great 

 southern declination would be admirably placed for obser- 

 vation, coming as he does into opposition (the most 

 favourable one since 1877) with the Sun on the -Ith. He 

 is at his greatest brilliancy on the Gth, when he is distant 

 from the earth about 30,0.54,000 miles. He rises on the 

 1st at 8h. 42m. p.m., or 47 minutes after sunset, with a 

 southern declination of 23'' 22', and an apparent diameter 

 of 24f". On the 12th he rises at 7h. 43m. p.m., or 

 17 minutes after sunset, with a southern declination of 

 24° 13', and an apparent diameter of 24-^". On the 31st 

 he rises at Gh. l-jm. p.m., wth a southern declination of 

 24° 19', and an apparent diameter of 22|". During the 

 month he describes a retrograde path in Capricornus. 



Jupiter is an evening star, and is getting well situated 

 for observation. He rises on the 1st at lOh. 4m. p.m., with 

 a northern declination of 8° 15', and an apparent equatorial 

 diameter of 42^". On the 31st he rises at 81i. 5m. p.m., 

 with a northern declination of 8° 3', and an apparent 

 equatorial diameter of IGi". The following phenomena of 

 the satellites occur before midnight while .Jupiter is more 

 than 8'" above and the Sun 8' below the horizon. An 

 eclipse disappearance of the third satellite at llh. 28m. 49s. 

 on the 1st. An occultatiou reappearance of the first 

 satellite at llh. 31m. p.m. on the 3rd. A transit ingress of 

 the shadow of the thu-d sateUite at lOh. 39m. p.m. on the 

 7th. An occultation reappearance of the second satellite 

 at lOh. 48m. p.m. on the 9th. A transit egress of the first 

 satellite at lOh. 40m. p.m. on the 11th. A transit ingress 

 of the third satellite at llh. Im. p.m. on the 12th. An 

 eclipse disappearance of tiie first satellite at llh. 47m. 57s. 

 P.M. on the 17th. A transit ingress of the first sateUite at 

 lOh. 17m. P.M. on the 18th, and a transit egress of its 

 shadow two minutes later. An eclipse disappearance of 

 the second satellite at lOh. 57m. 6s. p.m. on the 23rd. A 

 transit egress of the second satellite at 9h. 52m. p.m. on 

 the 25th, and a transit ingress of the shadow of the first 

 satellite at lOh. 59m. p.m. An occultatiou reappearance 

 of the first satellite at llh. 2(jm. p.m. on the 20th. An 

 occultation reappearance of the third satellite at 9h. 39m. 

 P.M. on the 30th. During the month Jupiter is almost 

 stationary on the borders of Pisces and Aries. 



Neither Saturn, Uranus, or Neptime are favourably 

 placed for observation by the amateur. 



This month is one of the most favourable ones for 

 observing shooting stars in. The most noted shower is 

 that of the Pi'rtiei(li<, with a radiant point at the maximum 

 display on August lOth in R.A. llh. 52m., decl. + 56°. 

 Observations of this region of the heavens with an opera 

 glass will no doubt show stationary meteors, or meteors 

 which shift their positions very slowly. Their place, and 

 the direction of their shift, should be noted for the purpose 

 of determining whether the radiant is a geometrical point, 

 or a circle, or an elliptic area, as suggested with regard to 

 the November meteors (Munthh/ Xuticc.f of thf H.A.S., vol. 

 xlvii., pp. 69-73). The radiant point souths at 5h. 37m. a.m. 



The Moon is full at llh. 57m. a.m. on the 8th ; enters 

 her last quarter at Ch. 37m. a.m. on the 15th ; is new at 

 lOh. 59m. A.M. on the 22nd ; .and enters her first quarter 

 at Ih. 29m. p.m. on the 30th. She is in perigree at 

 lOh. 5m. A.M. on the 12th (distance from the earth 228,510 

 miles), and is in apogee at Ih. 3m. a.m. on the 28th (dis- 

 tance from the earth 251,536 miles). The greatest eastern 

 libration takes place at 2h. 40m. p.m. on the Uth, and the 

 greatest western at 5h. 13m. p.m. on the 20th. 



(K^fss Column. 



By C. D. LococK, B.A.Oson. 

 — I • I — 

 All communications for this column should be addressed 

 to the " Chess Editor, Kiwivkdye Oriice," and posted before 

 the 10th of each month. 



Solution of July Problem (by J. Juchly, Munich). 



Key-move, Kt x P. 



If 1. ... B to K4, 2. Q to E8, &c. 



If 1. . . . Anything else, 2. Q to Qsq, &c. 



There are excellent " tries" by 1. Kt to B7, B to K4 ! 

 andl. Q to Qsq, B to B5 ! 



CoRRKCT Solution received from Alpha, who has 

 appreciated the points of the problem. 



Betid II. — Your problem has been carefully preserved for 

 a solution tourney, which seems still distant. 



A.B.S. — Too late to notice further. This column goes 

 to press about the middle of the month. 



PKOBLEM. 

 By D. E. 



Black. 



White. 



White to play, and mate in two moves. 



The following game was played in the National Tourna- 

 ment of the British Chess Association, March, 1892. 



