November 1, 1888.] 



♦ KNO^A^LEDGE ♦ 



and should be read by all who wish to know something of 

 forms of life at present unfamiliar to a large proportion of 

 people on account of the superstitious horror of and preju- 

 dice against them which seemingly forms part of our in- 

 heritance. We strongly advise our readers to purchase and 

 study this absurdly cheap little work. 



Tlis Mechanic's Workshop Ilandyhook. By Paul N. 

 Hasluck, A.I.M.E. (London : Crosby Lockwood <fe Son. 

 1888.) — Mr. Hasluck's latest volume will be found alike 

 useful by the artiBcer and the amateur. Dealing with the 

 manipulation of metals, it enters in detail on such subjects 

 as alloys, forging, welding, annealing and hardening, solder- 

 ing, lacquering, drilling, filing, grinding, ikc. Five pages 

 and a half of inde.x in very small type may suffice to indicate 

 what a mass of diver.se information is packed between the 

 two covers of the volume before us. 



Elect i-oplatimj. By J. W. Urquhart, C.E. Second 

 Edition. (London: Crosby Lockwood k Son. 1888.) — 

 Like all the Messrs. Crosby Lockwood's publications, the 

 one before us is eminently practical, and may be studied 

 with advantage at once by the amateur and liy the profes- 

 sional worker in the plating shop. Batteries, dynamos, 

 baths, &c. itc, are carefully and intelligibly described, while 

 the special methods employed in the electro-deposition of the 

 various metals are excellently explained in detail. Mr. 

 Urquhart has produced a work of enduring value. 



THE FACE OF THE SKY FOR NOVEMBER. 



By F.R.A.S. 



HE sun may be watched for the small spots which 

 appear at distant intervals on his surface. Map xi. of 

 " The Stars in their Seasons " exhibits the aspect 

 of the night sky. Minima of the variable star 

 Algol (" I'be Stars in their Seasons," map xii.) 

 will happen on November 2 at 6h. 17m. P.M.; 

 on the 17th at Ih. 22m. A.M.; on the 19th at 

 luh. 11m. P.M. ; and on the 22nd at 7h. P.M., as 

 well as on other occasions less convenient for 

 observation. The student should watch (after midnighf) on the 

 nights from the 12th to the llth for the shower of shooting stars 

 radiating from^the " sickle " of Leo. lie may also look out on the 

 night of the 27lh ; in fact, November is a mouth prolilic in these 

 visitants from space. Mercury is a morning' star all through 

 November, and attains his greatest elongation (1!)° 26') west of the 

 sun on the morning of the 1 7t.h. Towards the end of the month he 

 may be .seen with the naked eye in the SE. by E. before sunrise. 

 Venus is an evening star, but her south declination is so great that 

 she is visible with difficulty, if at all. Mars and Jupiter are both 

 invisible, as is Uranus also. Saturn may be seen in the eastern sky 

 by midnight to the WNW. of Regulus (" The Stars in their 

 Seasons," map iii.). Neptune is in Taurus a little to the west, and 

 just to the south of the 6th magnitude star w ' in that constellation 

 a line drawn from Aldebaran through 5 Tauri ("The Stars in their 

 Sea.sons," map i.) it prolonged rather more than as far again will 

 pass pretty close to Neptune's place. The moon is new 21m. after 

 midnight on the 3rd; enters her first quarter at 4h. 15Sm. p.m. 

 on the lOth ; is full at Sh. 15-9m. p.m. on the 18th ; and enters her 

 last quarter at oh. 2C'5m. P.M. on the 26th. Four occultations of 

 fi.xed stars by the moon will occur at fairly convenient hours during 

 the present month. The first happens on November 6, when B.A.C. 

 5954, a star of the 6th magnitude, will disappear at the moon's 

 dark limb at 6h, 13m. P.M., at an angle of 75° from her verte.i ; but 

 she will have set ere it reappears. On the 12th, i/^ Capricorni, a 

 5th magnitude star, will disappear at 5h. 9m. p.m. at the dark limb 

 of the moon, at an angle from her vertex of 103°. It will reappear 

 at her bright limb at 6h. 21 m. p.m., at a vertical angle of 267°. 

 On the 19th, ■* Tauri, of the 5Jth magnitude, will disappear at the 

 bright limb of the moon at 9h. 57m. p.m., at an angle of 153° from 

 her vertex ; reappearing at her dark limb at lOh. 9m. P.M., at an 

 angle from her vertex of 174°. Lastly, on the 21st, 15 Geminorum, 

 a star of the 6th magnitude, will disappear at the moon's bright 

 limb at 7h. 15m. P.M., at a vertical angle of 346°. Its reappearance 

 at the dark limb will happen at 7h. 29m. p.m., at an angle of 

 316° from the vertex of the moon. The moon is in Virgo at 



noon to-day (" The Seasons Pictured," plate xxv.), and is travel- 

 ling across that great constellation until 2h. P.M. on the 3rd, 

 when she enters Libra (" The Seasons Pictured," plate xxvi.). 

 As she crosses Libra she arrives, at 4h. 30m. A.M. on the 5th, 

 on the western tdge of the narrow northern spike of Scorpio ; 

 by Ih. p.m. on the same day she has traversed this and emerged in 

 Ophiuchus. By 11 p.m. on the 6th the journey over Ophiuchus is 

 completed, and she passes into Sagittarius. Here she remains until 

 5h. 30m. A.M. on the 9lh, at which hour she quits Sagittarius for 

 Capricornus (" The Seasons Pictured," plate xxi.), which she leaves 

 in turn for Aquarius at 2h. 30m. a.m. on the llth. She remains in 

 Aquarius until 6h. A.M. on the 13th, and then crosses into Pisces 

 (" The Seasons Pictured," plate xxii.). Travelling through Pisces, 

 she enters the north-western part of Cetus at midnight. She 

 re enters Pisces at 9 a.m. on the loth, only, however, to plunge 

 again into Cetus at 8h. A.M. on the 16th, whence, at midnight of 

 the same day, she passes into Aries (" The Seasons Pictured," plate 

 xxiii.). She remains in Aries until 3h. A.M. on the 18th, and then 

 leaves it for Taurus. Joumejing across Taurus, we find her, at 

 5h. A.M. on the 21st., close to the northernmost portion of Orion. 

 By 2h. 30m. the same afternoon she has traversed this and emerged 

 in Gemini (" The Seasons Pictured," plate xxiv.). At 2h. p.m. on the 

 23rd she passes out of Gemini into Cancer, leaving Cancer in turn 

 for Leo at 5h. A.M. on the 25th. She is travelling across Leo until 

 lib. P.M. on the 27th, when she crosses the boundary into Virgo 

 (" The Seasons Pictured," plate xxv.). She is close to the confines 

 of Virgo and Libra at midnight on the 30th. 



<!^ur Cfeegg Column. 



By " Mbphisto." 



CHESS IN HOLLAND. 



THE following fine games were recently played at Amsterdam. 

 The openings, in both cases, are interesting specimens of two 

 of the best and most difficult variations in the Spanish drbut, and 

 the middle and end-game is of a brilliant and pleasing character, 

 doing credit to both victor and vanquished. It may be stated that 

 Mr. Loman,the winner, has recently won the first prize in the Dutch 

 National Tournament, but that he has lost a majority of games 

 against Herr D. van Foreest, his unsuccessful opponent in the two 

 games given below : — 



Spanish. 

 White. Black. 



R. Loman. \). van Foreest. 



1. P to K4 1. P to K4 



2. Kt to KB3 2. Kt to QB3 



3. B to Kt5 3. P to QK3 



4. B to 114 4. Kt to B3 



5. Castles 5. Kt x P 



6. P to Q4 6. P to QKt4 



7. B to Kt3 7. P to Q4 



8. 1" to QR4 



Played by Tchigorin against Rosenthal in 1883. It seems to be the 

 natural continuation against the weakened Queen's side. 



8. P to Kt,-) 



This move creates still more looseness in Black's position, par- 

 ticularly as he has not yet Castled, and in similar positions it is 

 always doubtful whether the weakened party will get the time for 

 bringing his King into safely. We would prefer QR to Kusq, but 

 not without misgivings as to the future prospects. 



9. P to R5 



9. PxP 

 White threatened PxP, and to win the QP afterwards. 



10. Kt X P 



If 10. B to R4 instead. Black defends with B to Q2. 11. B x Kt, 

 B X B. 12. Kt X P, B to Q2. 13. P to KB3, Kt to B4, ic. 



10. Kt X Kt 



11. QxKt 11. P to QB3 



12. Kt to Q2 12. Q to B3 



13. Q to Kt6 13. B to K2 



Up to White's last move the position is identical with the above- 

 mentioned game, but Rosenthal here played Kt x Kt instead of 

 Black's move of B to K2. It is interesting to note that Mr. Waytu, 

 remarking on Black's 13ih move of Kt x Kt said, If, instead, 

 13. ... B to K2, 14. Kt X Kt, P X Kt, 15. B to Kt5 I This actually 

 h,appened in this case, and speedily turned the game in White's 

 favour. Of course, if Black plays Kt x Kt, 14. B x Kt, and he loses 

 the QKtP. 



