116 



♦ KNOWLKDGE ♦ 



[March 1, 1889. 



END-GAME No. 2 (FEBRUARY). 



Position White. P on KKt2 ; K on KKt3 ; Q on KKti ; Kt on 

 KKt=.; Bon RKt6. 



Black. K on KKtsq. 

 White to play, and mate in seven moves with the Pawn. 



Alct. .Main, Middlesbrough, sends the following solution : — 



1. Kt to K6, K to Rsq ; 2. B to B7, K to R2 ; 3. Q to Kt8 (ch), 

 K to R3 ; 4. B to R5, K x B ; 5. K to R3, K to R3 ; 6. Q to Kt7 (ch), 

 K to R4 ; 7. P to Kt mate. 



A. C. W. has found another solution in 1. Q to Q7, K moves : 

 2. B to B7, K to Kt2 ; 3. Q to Q8, K to R3 ; 4. K to R3, K to Kt2 ; 

 5. B to R5, K to R3 ; 6. Q to B6 (ch), K x B ; 7. P to Kt4 mate. 



THE MAGIC SQUARE KNIGHT'S TOUR. 

 In view of the great interest that is manifested in the subject of 

 magic squares, we present a perfect magic square Kniglit's tour. 



This square illustrates the Knight's tour over the chess-board, in 

 which the Knight plays to every square on the board, and touches 

 it but once. Every line of figures running up and down sums up 

 260. Every line of figures running right and left sums up 260. 

 Divide the board into four quarters ; then the rows and files of each 

 quarter will sum up 130. Divide the board into sixteen equal 

 parts; the numbers that compose each sixteenth part will sum up 

 130. It also follows that any sixteenth portion of the board, added 

 to any other sixteenth portion, will sum up 260. It also follows 

 that any half row or file, added to any other half row or file in the 

 entire square, will sum up 260. Take the tiles of numbers running 

 up and down; the four central numbers of the file will sum up 

 130 ; and so of course the four remaining or outer numbers will 

 sum up 130. These are only some of the wonderful properties of 

 this mysterious square. This is really a magic sqiian- ; and in com- 

 parison the ordinary square by this name sinks into insignificance. 



The following ending occurred in a game played recently at 

 Simpson's, in which an amateur received the large odds of Knight 

 and move. His play on this occasion, though unsound, seems like 

 the dawn of awakening genius, which will no doubt soon place him 

 in an exalted position, far and above the odds received in the game. 

 But, by showiEg the danger he ran, we hope to put our readers on 

 their guard against attempting unsound moves, in spite of their 

 occasional success. 



Master. 

 Black. 



White played 



1. K to Kt2 



Played with audacious intent, to deceive an old hand, as will be 

 seen from the sequel. However ingenious, it was not the strongest 

 move, which was 1. Q to R3, which would win easily. 



1. Q to Kt8 

 Black rushes into the trap so skilfully prepared, as the odds giver 

 must in a position like this seize chances, however slight they may 

 be, that the weaker player may not see the dangers of his position. 

 In reality, however, Black had no very good move ; for, if 1. Q x R, 

 then White would reply with 2. R x R, which the black King could 

 not retake, as White could force a mate by Q to Ktf (ch), &c. 

 P X B likewise leaves Black with a hopeless game. 



White now plays the trump card of his unsound though 

 ingenious conception, which was 



2. Q to K2 



We do not know whether this move was accompanied by an 

 appropriafe ejaculation and accompanying jerk of the hand, as if 

 desirous of withdrawing the move ; any way, it had the desired 

 effect, for Black too rashly, but not too wisely, played 2. BxQ, 

 whereupon White mated in two moves, by R to B8 (ch), K to K2, 

 R X R mate. But if, instead of 2. B x Q at once, Black would 

 have looked ere he leaped, and played 2. R x R (ch) first, to be 

 followed by B X Q, then in all probability White's ingenuity would 

 have resulted in he himself losing the game. We therefore say it 

 was very nice, but don't do it again. 



Hampden. — Received with thanks, and utilised above. 



"The Owl." — We hope Tyro will benefit by the lesson. 



W. T. Low. — Tour communication is very interesting; we will 

 endeavour to act upon what you say. With reference to adopting 

 two openings principally, one for attack and for defence, it must 

 undoubtedly be admitted that this would lead to artificial protection, 

 as the player would at lea.st be certain of not falling a prey to 

 unknown variations; but from a superior point of view it is very 

 undesirable, as in the long run the practice of playing but two 

 openings would stunt the imagination, prevent the development of 

 self-reliance, and thus, and also in other ways, weaken the play as 

 against the player, who by running all risks of playing an open 

 game, even incurring immediate losses to a considerable extent, 

 would nevertheless thereby develop his powers of resource, his con- 

 fidence in himself, and the fertility of his imagination. In a word, 

 this is merely a principle applicable to a vast amount of subjects, 

 and much ignored at the present time — to wit, artificial rersiis 

 natural .selection. 



J. HuNTBE, SouTHPOHT. — Try Mortimer's "Pocket Handbook on 

 the Openings," published by Wyman & Sons, a most use ul little 

 work, the price of which is but one shilling, which is arranged in 

 the tabular form of the synopsis, and contains the leading variations 

 in each opening, to a sufficient extent to inform, but not sufficient to 

 perplex. It is very neatly got up, and the best thing that has been 

 published lately. 



Geo. CoLEf Solution correct. Tour wish shall be complied 



witli in due course. 



Contents 



PAGE 



Tlie Great Nebula in Andromeda. 



By A. Cowper Ranyard 75 



Aryan Speech Traced to the Stone 



Aue. Bj Frederic Piiicott.lI.a.A.S. 77 



Sawflies. By E. A. Butler 79 



Waves ol Eit ctrioity. By R. Camper 



Day 81 



Tlie Common Adder. By A. J. 



Field 82 



Letters ;—Ricliard Inwards, C. E. 



Peck. Herbert Sadler, A. B. 



MacDowall, Arnold G. Hansard, 



G. Borland 85 



OF No. 40. 



I PAGE 



Motices of Books 88 



; Notes 90 



The Sand Grouse. By E. Howarth 91 

 The History of .^ome Common 



Wo'-ds, By R. D. Macalister 92 



Detective Cameras 91 



The Face ol the Skj- for February. 



By Herbert Sadler, F.R A.S 91 



Our Whist Cjhimn. By ilontagu 



Gattie 96 



Our Oheaa Column. Bj 1. Gunsberg 



("Mephisto") 96 



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