104 



KNOWLEDGE - 



[July 1, 1889. 



pretty naked-eye pah-; on the morning of the 14th 

 she will be about 25' ti.f. the \\ magnitude star 

 08 Tauri, and on the morning of the 23rd she will be 

 30' north of the 5i magnitude star 106 Tauri, and 

 8' «.;). the ()s magnitude star 107 Tauri. Mars is 

 invisible. Jupiter, owing to his great southern declination, 

 is very badly placed for the observer. He rises on the 1st 

 at 7h. 35m. I'.M., having a southern declination of 23|°, 

 and an apparent diameter of -iC", and on the last day of the 

 month at 5h. 25m. p.m., bis southern declination having 

 increased by 6', and his diameter decreased to -iij". He 

 describes a short retrograde path in Sagittarius, and on the 

 night of the 13th will be l'4' south of and a little j) the 

 5i magnitude star Piazzi xvii. 386. He will be not far 

 from the moon on the evening of the 11th. The following 

 phenomena of the satellites occur between the times of tho 

 planet's being 8° above the horizon and the sun's being 8° 

 below, and midnight G.M.T. on the days named. At 

 lOh. 22m. P.M. on the 6th, an occultation (disappearance) 

 of the first satellite. On the 7th at 9h. -ISm. p.m. an egress 

 from transit of the first .■satellite, and at lOh. 5m. p.m. the 

 egress of its shadow. At llh. 37m. p.m. on the 9th an 

 occultation (disappearance) of the second satellite. At 

 9h. 20m. p.m. on the 11th an egress from transit of the 

 second satellite, and at lOh. l(tm. p.m. the egress of its 

 shadow. At 9h. ■1:2m. p.m. on the 14th a transit ingress of 

 the shadow of the first satellite (the satellite itself being 

 already on the disc of the planet), at lib. 30m. p.m. 

 the egress from transit of the satellite itself, and at 

 llh. 59m. P.M. the egress of the shadow. On the 15th at 

 9h. 17m. 28s. P.M. a reappearance from eclipse of the first 

 satelHte. At lib. 30m. p.m. on the 17th an occultation 

 (disappearance) of the third satellite. At lOh. 6m. p.m. on 

 the 18th a transit ingress of the shadow of the second 

 satellite, and at llh. 37m. p.m. an egress of the satellite 

 itself. On the 21st at lOh. 59m. P.>r. a transit ingress of the 

 first satellite, and at llh. 37m. p.m. a transit ingress of its 

 shadow. On the 22nd at llh. 12m. lis. a reappearance 

 from eclipse of the first satellite. At llh. 30m. p.m. on the 

 24th a transit ingress of the shadow of the fourth satellite. 

 At llh. 15m. P.M. on the 25th a transit ingress of the 

 second satellite. At 9h. 29m. 56s. on the 27th a reappear- 

 ance from eclipse of the .second satellite. At lOh. 30m. p.m. 

 on the 2Sth an egress from transit of the shadow of the 

 third satellite. On the 29th at lOh. 4m. p.m. an occulta- 

 tion (disappearance) of the first satellite. At 9h. 28m. p.m. 

 on the 30th an egress from transit of the first satellite, 

 and at lOh. 18m. p.m. an egress of its shadow. Saturn 

 may be caught low down on the western horizon during 

 the first fortnight of the month ; after that he will 

 be too near the sun to be visible. On the first he sets at 

 lOh. IGm. P.M., and on the 14th at 9h. 29m. p.m. He de- 

 scribes a short direct path in Leo, but does not approach 

 any naked-eye star very closely. Uranus is in Virgo, and 

 sets on the 1st at llh. 59m. p.m., and on the 31st at 

 lOh. Im. P.M. He describes a short path to the S.E. be- 

 tween Q Yirginis and Spica. Neptune is invisible. Shoot- 

 ing stars are ftiirly numerous in July, though the twilight 

 interferes with observation. A well-marked shower 

 radiates from near 8 Aquarii ; the maximum being on 

 the 28th. The radiant point is in 22h. 40m. -13^. The moon 

 enters her first quarter at oh. 59m. a.m. on the morning of the 

 6th, is full at 9h. 2m. p.m. on the evening of the 12th, enters 

 her last quarter at 7h. 45m. p.m. on the afternoon of the 

 19th, and is new at midnight on the 27th. There will be a 

 partial eclipse of the moon on the evening of the 12th, 

 which will be partly visible at Greenwich, slightly less than 

 half the lunar disc being observed at the greatest phase. 

 The first contact with theshadow takesplace at 7h. 43'lm.p.M., 



at an angle of 39° from the north point of the moon's limit 

 towards the east, the moon rising at Greenwich at 8h. 14m. 

 The middle of the eclipse is at 8h. 54m. p.m., when 048 

 of the lunar surface will be obscured. The last contact 

 with the umbra takes place at lOh. 4'9m., at an angle of 45° 

 from the north point towards the west. These angles are 

 for direct image. The last contact with the penumbra takes 

 place at llh. 12|m. p.m. On the 6th at fch. 5m. p.m. the 

 6th magnitude star 80 Virginis will disappear at an angle of 

 56° from the vertex, and reappear at an angle of 290° at 

 9h. 12m. p.m. The 6th magnitude star o- Librae will dis- 

 appear at 7h. 48m. p.m. on the 8th at an angle of 75° from 

 the vertex, and reappear at 8h. 59m. p.m. at an angle of 240° 

 from the vertex. 'The 6th magnitude star B.A.C. 6343 will 

 disappear at llh. 43m. p.m. on the 11th, at an angle of 137° 

 from the vertex, and reappear .at Oh. 36m. a.m. on the 12th 

 at an angle of 239° from the vertex. At Ih. 16m. a.m. on the 

 1 2th the 6th magnitude star 26 Sagittarii will disappear at an 

 angle of 77° from the vertex, and reappear at 2h. 11m. a.m., 

 at an angle of 333° from the vertex. At 7h. 22m. p.m. on 

 the same day the ^\ magnitude (it is really fainter) star 

 B.A.C. 6699 will disappear at an angle of 47° from the 

 vertex, but the star is below the horizon at the time, the 

 moon not rising at Greenwich till 8h. 14m. p.m. ; it will 

 reappear at 8h. 23m. p.m., at an angle of 241°. At 9h. 12m. 

 the 6th magnitude star 53 Sagittarii will disappear at an 

 angle cf 37° from the vertex, and seven minutes later the 

 6.7 magnitude star B.A.C. 6727 will disappear at an angle 

 of 38° from the vertex — these two stars foi-m a single star 

 to the naked eye — 53 Sagittarii reappearing at lOh. 12m. 

 P.M., at an angle of 279° from the vertex, and B.A.C. 6727 

 9 minutes later, at an angle of 282° from the vertex. 

 These three occultations take place during the partial 

 eclipse, but in all three cases the disappearances and re- 

 appearances will take place at points of the lunar disc 

 unobscured by the shadow of the earth. At lOh. Sm. p.m. 

 on the 13th the 6th magnitude star 17 Capricorni will dis- 

 appear at an angle of 14° from the vertex, and reappear at 

 lOh. 46m. P.M., at an angle of 312° from the vertex. 



ERtiATL-.M.— On pige 172 o! Knowledge for Jane, second column, line nineteen, 

 /../■ t" 07 ir-.«/ C" 010. 



A part of vol. xlix. of the " Memoirs " of the Royal 

 Astronomical Society has just been issued, containing a paper 

 by Mr. N. E. Green, "On the Belts and Markings of 

 Jupiter." It is illustrated by twenty-one chromo-litho- 

 graphic drawings of the planet. Mr. Green's great artistic 

 skill enables him to represent the soft-edged cloud-like 

 markings and the curious gradations of colour on the 

 planet better than most other observers, and piobably one 

 would be correct in saying better than any other observer. 

 The drawings on stone for the chromo-lithographs have all 

 been made by Mr. Green. 



Cbestsi Column, 



[Our Chess column has been placed in the hand.s of Mr. R. F. 

 Fenton during the absence of Mr. Gunsberg, who has gone to play 

 at the International Chess Tournament in New York. Mr. Gunsberg 

 has now returned, but was not in time to undertake the prcparaticn 

 of this article.— Editob.] 



THE NEW YORK INTERNATIONAL TOURNAMENT. 

 The tie between Max Weiss, the Vienna champion, and Michael 

 Tcbigorin, the Russian champion, has been played olT, with the 

 disappointing result that four games having been played, all ending 

 in draws, the combatants have, in accordance with the rules of the 

 tournament, equally divided the first and second prizes, of the 

 respective values of 200Z. and 150Z. As in consequence of this lame 

 and impotent conclusion there is no actual winner of the tourna- 



