40 



KNOWLEDGE. 



[December 2, 1880. 



upon which he can depend for regaining the lead and 

 bringing in his small spades. 



TrirliK C tu 12. — The whole point of A's play is to pre- 

 vent Z from assisting Y to bring in the long spades. A's 

 knave of spades blocks the third round (triclv 8), and the 

 ace of trumps is retained to Ijlock the fourth round in case 

 Z should be ])ro\ided with a fourth spade. This is a very 

 interesting example of the imiDortauce, under certain 

 circumstances, of abstaining from drawmg a losing trump. 

 After trick 6 B still holds four diamonds, and as he is void 

 of trumps and spades, his other three cards must be 

 clubs. His discard of the knave at trick 8 shows A that 

 the two remaining clubs are honours, and that it is de- 

 sirable to throw the lead into Z's hand, so tliat he may 

 ultimately be forced to lead elulis up to I>. 



Cf)tss CBolumn. 



By I. GuNSBEKG (Mephisto). 



[Contributions of general interest to chess-players are invited. Mr. 

 Gunsberg -will be pleased to give his opinion on any matter submitted 

 for his decision.] 



EXD-GAMES.* 

 When in ISJl Horwitz ,ind Kling produced their book on End- 

 games, they were well in advance of the time. Their interesting 

 collection has held the field for many years, and is still unique in 

 some respects, as many of the so-called " Studios " may be more 

 accurately described as Problem studies, or Compositions. The 

 literary tendency at the present time is, however, I regret to say, too 

 much towards utilitarianism, and therefore the new work by Professor 

 Berger, arranged systematically, on an academic plan of progressive 

 study, may perhaps be considered a work of greater scope and utility 

 from a student's point of view. But then we are not all students, we 

 do not all of us burn the midnight oil in order to acquire the benefit 

 of the latest laborious ess.ay on the Ending of Rook against Rook and 

 Bishop, we play Chess for pleasure and recreation; an I although it is 

 only natural that we should have some ambition to increase our 

 stock ef learning of our favourite pastime, for the sake of the greater 

 pleasure which we may derive from greater knowledge, yet we should 

 draw the line somewhere, and give preference to those books which 

 combine amusement with instruction. The End-game Studies before 

 us have that happy blend of instruction and amusement which will 

 always please and never fatigue, and I venture to say, for that reason, 

 they will continue to enjoy great popularity among English readers. 

 Annexed are examples of Endings, which will best show the 

 various kinds of studies, both useful and entertaining, contained in 

 the book. 



Black. 



\\'hitk. 

 White with the move cannot win. but if Black mc 

 wins. 



S"/ution. 



1 . K to Kt sq 



2. P to Kt7 K to R2 

 ?>. P Queens K X Q 

 4. K to Kt6, and win. 



Hrt End-Oamcs. By Horwitz and Kling. Second Edition. 



WlUTK. 



White to move and win. 

 Soluttim. 



1 . Q to R6 (ch) 



2. Q to Q6 (ch) 



3. Q to B5 (ch) 



4. Q to QB2 (ch) 



5. Q to B3 (ch) and win 



K to QG (best) 

 K to B() 



K to gs 



K to KB 



1. Kt to B2 K to Kt8 



2. B to Kte (ch) K to R8 



3. K to B5 K to Kt8 



4. K to Q5 (ch) K to R8 



5. K to Q4 K to KtS 



6. K to K4 (ch) K to R8 



7. K to K3 K to KtS 



White. 

 White to move and win. 



.s. K to Q2 (ch) K to R8 



9. Kt to Q4 K to KtS 



10. Kt to K6 (ch) K to R8 



11. Kt to Bo K to KtS 



12. Kt to K4 K to R8 



13. B to B5 P to KtS (ch) 



14. Kt to B2 mate 



Contents of No. 49. 



The Common Cockroach. — IV. 

 By E. A. Butler 



The Fish Lizards of the Second- 

 ary Bocks. By R. Lydekker, 

 B.A. Cantab. " 



The Ethnological Significance 

 of the Beech. By Canon 

 Isaac Taylor, Litt.D., LL.D.. . 



Drawings of the Milkv Way. By 

 A. C. R. 



Some Properties of Numbers. 



By Eobt. W. D. Christie .... 

 Colour Bliudness. By Richard 



Beynon 



On Large Telescopes. By A. C. 

 Ranyard 



Barnacles. By S. Heywood 

 Seville 



Notices of Books 



Letters : — W. Stanilorth, H. 

 Combes 



The Face of the Sky for Novem- 

 ber. By Herbert Sadler, 

 F.R.A.S 



Whist Colunm. By W. Montagu 

 Gattie 



Chess Column. By I. Gunsberg 



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