240 



KNOW^LEDGE 



[October 1, 1890. 



3rd ; a transit ingress of the first satellite at 8h. 41m. 

 P.M. ; and a transit ingress of its shadow at 9h. 5Gm. p.m. 

 An eclipse reappearance of the first satellite at 9h. 84m. 

 2Gs. P.M. on the 4th. A transit egress of the shadow of 

 the first satellite at Gh. 45m. p.m. on the .5th. An 

 occultation disappeariuico of the second satellite at 9h. 

 44ni. P.M. oil the 8th. A transit egress of the third satel- 

 lite at 9h. 44m. p.m. on the Kth. A transit egress of the 

 sliadow of the second satellite at 8h. 44m. p.m. on the 

 !)th. All occultation disappearance of the first satellite 

 at 7h. 54m. p.m. on the 11th, and an eclipse disappear- 

 ance of the fourth satellite at 9h. 47m. 40s. p.m. A transit 

 ingress of the shadow of the first satellite at 6h. 20m. 

 P.M. on the 12th ; a transit egress of the satellite itself 

 at 7li. 22m. p.m., and of its shadow at 8h. 41ui. p.m. A 

 transit ingress of the shadow of the second satellite at 8h. 

 25m. P.M. on the IGtli, and a transit egress of the satellite 

 itself at 8h. 39m. p.m. A transit ingress of the first 

 satellite at 6h. 56in. p.m. on the 19th ; a transit ingress of 

 the fourth satellite at 7h. 35m. p.m. ; a transit ingress of 

 the shadow of the first satellite at 8h. IGm. p.m. ; an 

 eclipse reappearance of the third satellite at 8h. 57m. 32s. 

 P.M. ; a transit egress of the first satellite at Oh. IGm. p.m. 

 Thus, for more than an hour on the evening of the 19th 

 only one satellite, the second, will be visible. An eclipse 

 reappearance of the first satellite at 7h. 54m. 2s. p.m. on 

 the 20th. A transit ingress of the second satellite at 8h. 

 19m. p.m. on the 23id. An eclipse reappearance of the 

 second satellite at 8h. 7ni. 3Gs. p.m. on the 25th. An 

 occultation reappearance of the third satellite at 71i. 38ni. 

 P.M. on the 2Gtli, and a transit ingress of the first satellite 

 at 8h. 50m. p.m. An occultation disappearance of the first 

 satellite at Gh. 11m. p.m. on the 27th. A transit egress 

 of the first .satellite at 5h. 41m. p.m. on the 28th ; a transit 

 egress of its shadow at 7h. Ini. p.m.; and an eclipse re- 

 appearance of the fourth satellite at 8h. 41m. 40s. p.m. 

 on the 28th. On the evening of the 31st a 9^ magnitude 

 star will be very near the planet ; it will be in conjunction 

 with the centre at about 9h. 20m. p.m., at about 5" south 

 of the planet's southern limb. Jupiter is in Capricoruus 

 during the mouth, but does not approach any naked-eye 

 star. 



Saturn is, for the purposes of the amateur observer, 

 invisible during October ; Uranus is in conjunction with 

 the sun on the 20th. Neptune is an evening star, rising 

 on the 1st at 7h. 46m. p.m., with a northern declination of 

 19^ 49', and an apparent diameter of 2|", On the 31st 

 he rises at 5h. 46m. p.m.. with a northern declination of 

 19° 42'. He describes an excessively short retrograde arc 

 to the N.N.W. of c Tauri during the month {rf. " Face of 

 the Sky " for September). 



October is rather a favourable mouth for observations 

 of shooting stars, the most marked shower being that of 

 the Onouids, fi-om the 17th to the 20th of the month, the 

 radiant point of which is situated in vii.li. Oin. R.A. + 15° 

 declination. The radiant point rises at the date named 

 at about 8h. 45m. p.m., and sets shortly after 4h. a.m. 



The moon enters her last quarter at 8li. 23in. p.m. on 

 the 5th ; is new at llh. 5m. p.m. on the 13th ; enters her 

 first quarter at 5h. 36m. a.m. on the 21st, and is full at 

 llh. 42m P.M. on the 27th. The 5th magnitude star 

 38 Arietis will disappear at Ih. 4m. a.m. on the 1st 

 at an angle of 172° from the vertex, and reappear 

 at Ih. 35m. a.m. at an angle of 230° from the vertex. 

 At 9h. 46m. p.m. on the 2nd the planet Neptune 

 (resembling an 8th magnitude star) will disappear at 

 an angle of 82° from the vertex, and reappear at 

 lOh. 42m. P.M. at an angle of 238° from the vertex. The 

 5| magnitude star 48 Geminorum will disappear at 



llh. 28in. P.M. on the 5th at an angle of 48° from the 

 vertex, and reappear at Oh. 2Gm. a.m. on the Gth at an 

 angle of 241° from the vertex. The 7| magnitude star 

 B.A.C. 7197 will disappear at 9h. 35m. p.m. on the 21st 

 at an angle of 143° from the vertex, and reappear at 

 lOli. 30m. P.M. (the moon having set at Greenwich at the 

 time) at an angle of 315° from the vertex. The Gth mag- 

 nitude star B.A.C. 7550 will disappear at 7h. 3m. p.m. 

 on the 22nd at an angle of 95° from the vertex, and 

 reappear at 8h. 14m. p.m. at an angle of 313° from the 

 vertex. The 5} magnitude star t' Aquarii will disappear 

 at llh. 28m. p.m. on the 23rd at an angle of 92 from the 

 vertex, and reappear at five minutes after midnight at an 

 angle of 23° from the vertex. This star has a 9th magni- 

 tude companion of an amethyst hue at 31" distance. At 

 Oh. 28m. A.M. on the 23rd the 4tli magnitude star t- 

 Aquarii will disappear at an angle of 144° from the 

 vertex, and reappear at Ih. 26m. a.m. (the moon being in 

 the act of setting at the time) at an angle of 340° from the 

 vertex. This star has a distant blue 9th magnitude com- 

 panion at 132" distance. On the 27th at Gh. 28m. p.m. 

 the 6tli magnitude star 64 Ceti will disappear at an angle 

 of 86° from the vertex, and reappear at 7h. 26m. p.m. at 

 an angle of 252° from the vertex ; and the 4,} magnitude 

 star ^1 Ceti will disappear at 7h. 22ni. p.m. at an angle of 

 100° from the vertex, and reajipear at 8li. 21m. p.m. at an 

 angle of 247° from the vertex. On the 28th the 5^ mag- 

 nitude star ^ Arietis will disappear at 2h. 42m. a.m. at an 

 angle of 100° from the vertex, and reappear at 3h. 36m. 

 a.m. at an angle of 296° from the vertex ; and the 7th 

 magnitude star B.A.C. 755 will disappear at 3h. 29m. a.m. 

 at an angle of 132° from the vertex, and reappear at 

 4h. 30m. a.m. at an angle of 349° from the vertex. The 

 6th magnitude star B.A.C. 1240 will disappear at 7h. 59m. 

 P.M. on the 20th at an angle of 6° from the vertex, and 

 reappear at 8li. 21iu. p.m. at an angle of 310° from the 

 vertex. At Ih. 8m. a.m. on the 30th the 6th magnitude 

 star (iji Tauri will disappear at an angle of 189° from the 

 vertex, and reappear at Ih. 18m. a.m. at an angle of 208° 

 from the vertex. 



aetfjtst Column. 



By W. MoNTAtiu Gattie. 



THERE are few mistakes more common with be- 

 ginners than the play of the king to the first 

 round of a suit by the second hand when holding 

 only one other card of that suit, the idea being that 

 the king in this way takes the best chance of 

 escaping the ace. Beyond the fact that the leader pro- 

 bably has at least four cards of the suit, there is really no 

 more reason for supposing that the ace is with him, when 

 a small card is led, than that one of the other players has 

 it ; and it should be borne in mind that the ace is usually 

 led at once from a suit of five cards or more. By parting 

 with his king the second player not only deprives his side of 

 the advantage of the fall of the trick (c.ii. the third 

 player's queen may fall to the fourth player's ace), but he 

 abandons all chance of acquiring command of the adverse 

 suit, and at the same time makes an unmistakable declara- 

 tion of his own weakness, enabling the leader to finesse as 

 deeply as he pleases when the suit is returned. 



In the case of trumps it is sometimes right to put in 

 the king ; but in plain suits it is a very safe rule that a 

 small card led should always be passed. 



A somewhat unique illustration is furnished by the fol- 

 lowing hand, which is taken from actual play, and which 



