PEODUCTION AND COMMERCE. 149 



exported 28,120^ piculs of leaf, value 35,678Z., in 1878 ; 

 and 14,659 of leaf, and 802 of stalk, in 1879. 



Chinkiang imported 13,328 piculs of leaf, and 1914 of 

 prepared, in 1879. Macao receives tobacco from the 

 Hokshan district, and prepares it for exportation to Java, 

 the Straits, and California, the annual export being about 

 10,000 piculs. The Newchwang imports of prepared native 

 tobacco were 8052 piculs in 1877, 8354 in 1878, and 6630 

 in 1879. Shanghai, in 1879, imported 68,460 piculs of 

 native leaf, 79,081^ of prepared, and 1187^ of stalk ; and 

 exported and re-exported 31,541 of leaf, and 29,672^ of 

 prepared. Taiwan imported 3017^ piculs of prepared 

 native in 1879. Tientsin exported 1047^ piculs native 

 tobacco in 1878, and 693J in 1879. Tobacco is grown in 

 the hilly districts near Wuhu ; the leaves are gathered in 

 October, and sun-dried on wicker-work frames. The 

 exports in 1879 were 597^ piculs of leaf, and 742 of pre- 

 pared. 



Cocliin-China. — The culture of tobacco is extending in 

 Cochin-China, and it is even said that a considerable 

 quantity is exported to China, but it improves little in 

 quality. The area reported to be under tobacco cultiva- 

 tion in 1878 (including coffee) was 2361 acres. 



Costa Rica. — The free cultivation of tobacco was stopped 

 in January 1884, and its free sale only permitted till 

 December 31, 1885. 



Ecuador. — The tobacco crop of Ecuador for 1879 was 

 not so large as usual, owing to an unfavourable season. 

 Esmeraldas, the most northerly port, and whence nearly 

 all the tobacco shipments are made, despatched about 

 3000 quintals in 1879. Guayaquil exported 150 quintals in 



