248 TOBACCO. 



and the operation is repeated. When 6 paper tubes are 

 completed, the first one is pushed by a small piston, 

 actuated by the cam g, upon the end of the filling-tube; 

 and immediately the rod Ji, actuated by the cam e, drives 

 into this tube a portion of tobacco already prepared in the 

 compressor i. In preparing the tobacco, a workman, occu- 

 pying the seat m, is necessary to dispose the material in 

 regular layers on a carrier, by which it is transported into 

 the compressor. When the cigarette-envelope is filled, 

 the mould-carrier again makes part of a revolution, and 

 the finished cigarette is pushed out of the mould by the 

 rod Jc, also actuated by the cam e ; a device finally lodges 

 the cigarettes in the box Z. One workman is said to be 

 able to turn out 9600 cigarettes in 10 hours by the aid 

 of the machine. 



Snuff. — Snuff is entitled to the last place in the series of 

 tobacco manufactures, as it is largely made up of the scraps, 

 cuttings, and rejections of the preceding processes. The 

 materials are chopped very fine, placed in heaps in warm 

 damp cellars, " doctored " with various flavourings, left to 

 ferment for several weeks, and then ground to powder in 

 edge-runner mills, some kinds even undergoing a slight 

 roasting. When ground, the mass is passed through 

 " mulls," wood-lined, bottomless bowls, let into a bench, 

 where the snuff is softened and rendered less powdery ]) nI 

 means of pointed pins, resembling domestic rolling-pins, 

 which slowly travel around the sides of the bowls. Snuff 

 represents a highly profitable article manufactured from 

 materials that are otherwise useless, and depending for its 

 favour chiefly upon the perfumes and flavourings used. 



