March, 1907.] 



KNOWLEDGE & SCIENTIFIC NEWS. 



53 



Features of the Earth and Moon. 

 Craterlets and Canals. 



(Continued from page 30./ 



We give some further illustrations from Professor 

 VV. H. Pickering's " Lunar r.nd Hawaiian Physical 



from below. Analogues of the first two kinds are 

 to be found in Hawaii, though the Hawaiian 

 craters are comparatively so small that the cen- 

 tral cone inside them is rare. Our first figure 

 represents a portion of the middle crater of Mokua- 

 weoweo. Somewhat nearer them the centre is shown 

 an active cinder cone composed apparently of a medium- 

 sized crater and two or three smaller ones upon its rim. 



The crater 



Fig. 1. — Mokuaweoweo M 

 t'rjm Professor H. H. Pick, 



Features Compared," which is included 

 Memoirs of tlu- American Academy. 



The floors 

 of the craters 

 on the moon 

 "are, Profes- 

 sor Pickering 

 observes, of 

 three kinds. 

 Either they 

 are furnished 

 with a cen- 

 tral peak, like 

 T y iho, or 

 they contain 

 one or more 

 smaller cra- 

 ter-. Hot 1 .11- 



1 1 a 1 ; or, 

 « ithoui 



I 1 Ml 



detail - 111 

 which case it 

 appears pro- 

 bable that 

 final 

 floor was 

 melted by a 

 second dark 

 lava flood 



anion"- the 



called Kil- 

 au e a I k i, 

 shown in Fig. 

 2, also repro- 

 duces the 

 c ra t e rle t 

 c haract er- 

 istic. The 

 walls of KU- 

 auea Iki are 

 very steep, 

 but can be 

 descen ded 

 with care. 

 The floor is 

 level, one- 

 quarter of a 

 mile in dia- 

 meter and 

 750 feet be- 

 low the rim. 

 X u m erous 

 small crater- 

 lets are secu- 

 larly over 

 this floor; 

 and the rj 

 complete 

 them is 

 shown in the 

 illust ration. 

 Its height was 15 feet, and the diameter of the rim, 

 which was composed ol lava of a ropy appearance, 



auna Loa. 



Lunar and HawaiianiPhytical mpartd." 



I ■£ ^. Craterieta Kiiauea Iki. 



