IV. FINLAND. 



IN Finland, as in Sweden, may be studied endeavours to "bring the 

 management of extensive forests into accordance with the suggestions 

 of modem forest science crowned with considerable success. But to 

 the student of forest economy Finland also is interesting as supplying 

 an opportunity of studying an antiquated treatment of forests, known in 

 France as Sartage, here as Roehden, in Sweden as Svcedanje, and in 

 India as Kumari, &c., which still is practised in some parts of the 

 country, but is being abandoned, and which in India has been 

 much condemned by officials in the forest service. 



As St. Petersburg abuts on Finland, and a railway from that city 

 traverses the southern coasts of the Grand Duchy, it may be entered 

 most easily from that city ; or it may be entered by the route which 

 this season I followed, proceeding by steamer from Stockholm to 

 Hango, or to Abo, pronounced Obo, or to Helsingfois, and thence by 

 railway to St. Petersburg, the traveller returning, if so disposed, by 

 steamer to those places and Stockholm. 



I arrived too late by an hour to take the train from Abo, and again 

 too late by two hours to take the day train from Helsingfors. I kept by 

 the steamer, and proceeded by her to St. Petersburg in preference to 

 travelling by a night train. 



In travelling by* railway the traveller may at different stations 

 penetrate some way into the country by branch lines. Some of the 

 interesting localities which may be thus visited I had visited before ; 

 with others I had been familiar for many years. 



In the Journal of Forestry, vol. i., pp. 545 551, 701 705, is an 

 account of the Finnish School of Forestry, which is situated at Evois. 



From Eilhimski a branch line goes to Tavastehuis, which may be 

 reached in three hours from Helsingfors, or in longer time from 

 either of the other ports named. Thence a journey of some fifty 

 versts (or thirty-three miles) by chaise the one-horse conveyance of 

 the country will take the traveller to Evors. The journey will occupy 

 about six hours. It leads through the post stations of Heinokangar, 

 Syrjantaka, Yso-Eve, and Evon Opista. The charge is ten penni per 



