62 



which flows the river Onda, one of the tributaries or confluents of the 

 Vuig, constituting the boundary between the governments of Olonetz 

 and Archangel. 



" The population of this district is exclusively Correll or Karrell, 

 and the whole country bears the name of Karelia. If a line be drawn 

 on the map from the fall of the Vuig into the White Sea to the town 

 of Povonetz, the whole country to the west of this line lying between 

 it and Finland is Karelia ; the Svir may be considered the southern 

 boundary of this, and 65 N". Lat. its northern limits ; while the lands 

 bordering on this the banks of the rivers (the Svir and the Vuig) and 

 of the lakes (Ladoga, Onega, Vuigozero) and the shores of the White 

 Sea are peopled by Novogorod tribes. Karelia, forming a separate 

 and definite district, has both physical and economic conditions of its 

 own, and peopled by a distinct people who have retained their own 

 language and customs, its invaluable forests have remained for most 

 people a terra, incognita. These differences, combined with the un- 

 communicativeness of the people, and their rough manners and 

 poverty, which have become proverbial, have impeded the acquisition 

 of information about the country. 



" Want compels the Karrells to leave their villages almost every year, 

 and multitudes of them go wandering about towns and villages, beg- 

 ging food in the name of Christ. The condition of the Karrells in the 

 vicinity of Povonetz and of Kem is somewhat better ; then through 

 contact with the more energetic Russians they have almost lost their 

 national characteristics. 



" On the 1st of October I crossed the frontier of the government of 

 Olonetz, and in three days I was on the shores of the White Sea." 





J. AND W. RIDER, PRINTERS, LONDON. 



