been found outside the animal body, and the result of many inves- 

 tigations show that it has feeble powers of resistance tinder such 

 conditions. It occurs in large numbers in the discharge from the 

 nostrils, in the pus from the specific ulcers, in the more recent 

 nodules in the internal organs, and occasionally in the blood in acute 

 cases of glanders. All evidence points to its direct or indirect trans- 

 mission from animal to animal, by contact, by inhalation, by food 

 and drink, and by infected harness, etc., through skin abrasions. 



In man it occurs most frequently in those who have much to do 

 with horses veterinarians, stable boys, etc. It may be trans- 

 mitted from man to man. Washerwomen have been known to 

 receive infection from the clothes of a glandered patient. Infec- 

 tion has occurred from the material thrown off by the snorting of 

 a glandered horse. 



Types of the disease in horse and man. The disease is termed 

 acute or chronic glanders when it chiefly involves the mucous mem- 

 brane of the nares, the adjoining lymphatic glands, and the lungs ; 

 and acute or chronic farcy when the process is limited to the skin 

 and its lymphatics. 



Acute glanders is common in the ass and mule, but infrequent 

 in the horse. It is the common type of the disease in man and is 

 invariably fatal; it rarely, if ever, passes into the chronic form. 

 The onset and the course of the disease are very much alike in the 

 horse and man. The period of incubation is usually from three to 

 five days, when inflammatory symptoms appear at the site of infec- 

 tion, accompanied by symptoms of general febrile disturbance. 

 A day or so later the mucous membrane of one or both nares is 

 involved, becoming intensely hyperemic and often showing small 

 punctiforin hemorrhages. A copious discharge flows from the 

 nostrils. At first this is thin and watery, but later becomes muco- 

 purulent and may be streaked with blood. Small pustular nodules 

 appear on the inflamed mucous membrane. These may be discrete 

 and, upon opening, leave small, shallow, reddish areas of ulcera- 

 tion, which rapidly enlarge and may become confluent, forming 

 large, irregular, ulcerated surfaces covered with muco-pus. Fur- 

 ther, in the horse, the, submaxillary lymphatic glands become 

 enlarged on the affected side, nodules may form in the lungs, and 

 after a rapid course death occurs, usually from suffocation, in one 

 or two weeks. In man the mucous membrane of the nose is often 

 involved at an early stage and this process is followed or accom- 



