i<56 GLIMPSES OF INDIAN BIRDS 



a north-westerly direction. The rook (Corvus fru- 

 gilegus) is a permanent resident of Kashmir and the 

 North- Western Himalayas, but in mid-winter many 

 individuals are driven by the cold into the Frontier 

 Province and the Punjab ; some come as far south as 

 Lahore, where they consort with the crows. If the 

 winter is a severe one large numbers of rooks come to 

 Lahore, otherwise these birds are not very numerous. 

 The same applies to the jackdaw (Corvus monedula), 

 but he never comes in such numbers as the rook. There 

 is in the octagonal bird house in the Lahore " Zoo " 

 a compartment in which there is a " Happy Family " 

 of ravens, rooks, and jackdaws, with an Australian 

 crow-shrike and a Nicobar pigeon to keep them 

 company. Thus every one who cannot already do 

 so may learn to identify the various Corvi which visit 

 Lahore in the winter. 



